Regulation of gene transcription by fatty acids

Salter, Andrew M.; Tarling, Elizabeth J.

doi:10.1017/s1751731107000675

Cited by 26 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…These investigations have provided insight that may be applicable to the mechanism by which biohydrogenation intermediates regulate milk fat synthesis. Although many factors interact to determine tissue rates of lipid synthesis, expression of the genes for key enzymes and proteins in the process is highly regulated by a few well-characterized transcription factors known as 'master regulators' (Duplus and Forest, 2002;Salter and Tarling, 2007). A role for sterol response element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) in MFD was proposed by Baumgard et al (2002b) based on the function of this transcription factor family as global regulators of lipid metabolism (reviewed by Eberle et al, 2004).…”

Section: Sterol Response Element-binding Protein-1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the regulation of milk fat synthesis

Harvatine

Boisclair

Bauman

2009

Animal

251

272

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In addition to its economic value, milk fat is responsible for many of milk's characteristics and can be markedly affected by diet. Diet-induced milk fat depression (MFD) was first described over a century ago and remains a common problem observed under both intensive and extensive management. The biohydrogenation theory established that MFD is caused by an inhibition of mammary synthesis of milk fat by specific fatty acids (FA) produced as intermediates in ruminal biohydrogenation. During MFD, lipogenic capacity and transcription of key lipid synthesis genes in the mammary gland are down-regulated in a coordinated manner. Our investigations have established that expressions of sterol response element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and SREBP-activation proteins are down-regulated during MFD. Importantly, key lipogenic enzymes are transcriptionally regulated via SREBP1. Collectively, these results provide strong evidence for SREBP1 as a central signaling pathway in the regulation of mammary FA synthesis. Spot 14 is also down-regulated during MFD, consistent with a lipogenic role for this novel nuclear protein. In addition, SREBP1c and Spot 14 knock-out mice exhibit reduced milk fat similar to the magnitude and pattern of MFD in the cow. Application of molecular biology approaches has provided the latest chapter in the regulation of milk fat synthesis and is reviewed along with a brief background in nutritional regulation of milk fat synthesis in ruminants.

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Section: Sterol Response Element-binding Protein-1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the regulation of milk fat synthesis

Harvatine

Boisclair

Bauman

2009

Animal

251

272

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“…Dietary fatty acids may be used to modulate animal metabolism for specific purposes (Salter and Tarling, 2007), and certain conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers represent a remarkable example of such application. The trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12-CLA) isomer has been shown to reduce milk fat secretion in lactating cows, which is a consequence of a coordinated inhibition of gene expression for lipogenic enzymes in the mammary gland (Baumgard et al, 2002b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk fat depression and energy balance in stall-fed dairy goats supplemented with increasing doses of conjugated linoleic acid methyl esters

Fernandes

Gama

Ribeiro

et al. 2014

Animal

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Feeding dietary supplements containing trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12-CLA) has been shown to induce milk fat depression in cows, ewes and goats. However, the magnitude of the response is apparently less pronounced in lactating goats. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of increasing doses of CLA methyl esters (CLA-ME) on milk production, composition and fatty-acid profile of dairy goats. Eight Toggenburg goats were separated in two groups (four primiparous and four multiparous) and received the following dietary treatments in a 4 × 4 Latin Square design: CLA0: 45 g/day of calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA); CLA15; 30 g/day of CSFA + 15 g/day of CLA-ME; CLA30: 15 g/day of CSFA + 30 g/day of CLA-ME; and CLA45: 45 g/day of CLA-ME. The CLA-ME supplement (Luta-CLA 60) contained 29.9% of t10,c12-CLA; therefore, the dietary treatments provided 0, 4.48, 8.97 and 13.45 g/day of t10,c12-CLA, respectively. Feed intake, milk production, concentration and secretion of milk protein and lactose, body condition score and body weight were unaffected by the dietary treatments. Milk fat secretion was reduced by 14.9%, 30.8% and 40.5%, whereas milk fat concentration was decreased by 17.2%, 33.1% and 40.7% in response to CLA15, CLA30 and CLA45, respectively. Secretions of both de novo synthesized and preformed fatty acids were progressively reduced as the CLA dose increased, but the magnitude of the inhibition was greater for the former. There was a linear reduction in most milk fat desaturase indexes (14:1/14:0, 16:1/16:0, 17:1/17:0 and 18:1/18:0). Milk fat t10,c12-CLA concentration and secretion increased with the CLA dose, and its apparent transfer efficiency from diet to milk was 1.18%, 1.17% and 1.21% for CLA15, CLA30 and CLA45 treatments, respectively. The estimated energy balance was linearly improved in goats fed CLA.

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“…PUFA are able to down-regulate the expression of genes for enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis, including acetylCoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase and stearoylCoA desaturase (Salter and Tarling, 2007).…”

Section: Fatty Acid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary PUFA can also directly regulate gene expression by interaction with transcription factors to exert their effects on various metabolic states in health and disease (Salter and Tarling, 2007). Transcription factors play an important role in IBD (Heimerl et al, 2006;Sanderson et al, 2008), for example NFB in regulating production and activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Mitsuyama et al, 2001).…”

Section: Transcription Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nuclear receptors, a family of ligand-activated transcription factors, are most relevant in mediating the effect of nutrients and their metabolites on gene transcription (De Vogel-van den Bosch, 2008) and can directly or indirectly regulate genes of lipid metabolism and inflammatory signalling (Schmitz and Ecker, 2008). Nuclear receptors that regulate PUFA-induced gene expression include peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors (PPAR, NR1C), liver X receptor (LXR, NR1H), retinoid X receptor (RXR, NR2B), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4), farnesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H) and pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I) (Heimerl et al, 2006;Salter and Tarling, 2007;Sanderson et al, 2008). Transcriptional regulation by these nuclear receptors requires heterodimerization with RXR.…”

Section: Transcription Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids: Molecular mechanisms involved in intestinal inflammation

Knoch¹,

Barnett²,

Roy³

et al. 2008

Grasas y Aceites

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RESUMENEstudio del efecto de los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de la dieta: Mecanismos moleculares involucrados en la inflamación intestinal.El uso de técnicas «omic» en combinación con sistemas modelo y herramientas moleculares nos permiten entender como los alimentos y sus componentes actúan en las rutas metabólicas que regulan los procesos transcripcionales. Los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados tienen efectos nutricionales y metabólicos diferenciadores porque producen una elevación de los productos regulados por lípidos y afectan a la expresión de varios genes involucrados en la inflamación intestinal. La presente revisión se enfoca en los efectos moleculares de los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de la dieta en la inflamación intestinal.PALABRAS CLAVE: Ácidos grasos poliinsaturados n-3 y n-6 de la dieta -Gen -Inflamación intestinal. SUMMARY Study of the effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids: Molecular mechanisms involved in intestinal inflammation.The use of "omics" techniques in combination with model systems and molecular tools allows to understand how foods and food components act on metabolic pathways to regulate transcriptional processes. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have distinctive nutritional and metabolic effects because they give rise to lipid mediated products and affect the expression of various genes involved in intestinal inflammation. The present review focuses on the molecular effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on intestinal inflammation. KEY-WORDS: Dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid -Gene -Intestinal inflammation.

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Regulation of gene transcription by fatty acids

Cited by 26 publications

References 68 publications

Recent advances in the regulation of milk fat synthesis

Recent advances in the regulation of milk fat synthesis

Milk fat depression and energy balance in stall-fed dairy goats supplemented with increasing doses of conjugated linoleic acid methyl esters

Study of the effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids: Molecular mechanisms involved in intestinal inflammation

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