Regulation of gastric acid secretion

Schubert, Mitchell L.

doi:10.1097/00001574-199911000-00002

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) is a neuropeptide that induces gastrin secretion in the stomach (8). GRP acts through attachment to the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR or BB2), a member of the G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily expressed in the gastric, respiratory and nervous system as well as endocrine glands and muscles (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor in Low Grade Prostate Cancer: Can It Be a Better Predictor Than Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen?

et al. 2021

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether prostate cancer (PC) patients can be accurately classified on the bases of tissue expression of gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). This retrospective study included 28 patients with PC. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples were used for diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry staining techniques were used to evaluate PSMA and GRPR expression (both number of cells expressed and % of area stained). To assess the independent associations among selected variables, a multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis was used. It was found that the PSMA expression was inversely correlated with GRPR expression. Only the number of cells expressing GRPR was significantly related to the Gleason score. Both the percentage of area expressing GRPR and the number of cells expressing PSMA were close to reaching significance at the 0.05 level. MDS provided a map of the overall, independent association confirming that GRPR and PSMA represent inversely correlated measures of the same dimension. In conclusion, our data showed that GRPR expression should be evaluated in prostate biopsy specimens to improve our ability to detect PC with low grades at the earliest phases of development. Considering that GRPRs appear to be directly involved in the mechanisms of tumor proliferation, advancements in nuclear medicine radiotherapy can focus on this receptor to improve the therapeutic approach to PC. Further studies in our laboratory will investigate the molecular mechanisms of activation based on GRPR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor in Low Grade Prostate Cancer: Can It Be a Better Predictor Than Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen?

et al. 2021

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“…Histamine is a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator that plays important roles in regulating inflammatory and allergic responses ( , ), gastric acid secretion ( , ), and memory and learning ( − ). Defects in the histaminergic system have been linked with cognitive deficiencies in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome ( − ).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Histamine N-Methyltransferase T105I Polymorphism Affects Active Site Structure and Dynamics

2007

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Histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) is the sole enzyme responsible for inactivating histamine in the mammalian brain. The human HNMT gene contains a common threonine-isoleucine polymorphism at residue 105, distal from the active site. The 105I variant has decreased activity and lower protein levels relative to the 105T protein. Crystal structures of both variants have been solved, but reveal little regarding how the T105I polymorphism affects activity. We performed molecular dynamics simulations of both 105T and 105I at 37°C to explore the structural and dynamic consequences of the polymorphism. The simulations indicate that replacing Thr with the larger Ile residue leads to greater burial of residue 105 and heightened packing interactions between residue105 and residues within helix α3 and strand β3. This altered packing is directly translated to the active site resulting in the reorientation of several co-substrate-binding residues. The simulations also show that the hydrophobic histamine-binding domain in both proteins undergoes a large-scale breathing motion that exposes key catalytic residues and lessens the hydrophobicity of the substrate-binding site.

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“…Histamine and gastric acidity -Due to stimulation by mediators (including histamine and gastrin), parietal cells of stomach secrete gastric acid (hydrochloric acid, pH 1.2-3.8), with the role to solubilize ingested foods and to induce the release of pepsin [40,41]. Histamine released from ECL cells, stimulates gastric acid secretion through activation of histaminic receptors H2 on parietal cells [2,42,43]. Histamine may contribute to the formation of duodenal ulcers by increasing gastric acid release [44,45].…”

Section: Role Of Histamine In Enteric Dysfunctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Histaminase as Bioactive Agent to Lower the Histamine Level: A Mini-Review

Alexandru¹,

Djatougbévi²,

Tchoumi³

et al. 2017

J Gastroenterol Res

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Histamine is a biogenic amine originating endogenously or exogenously from Histidine by enzymatic decarboxylation. Endogenous histamine is mostly generated by basophils and mast cells that, when activated, will release histamine that is involved in various regulatory processes but also will induce multiple allergic effects (hypotension, tachycardia, vascular risks) including anaphylactic shock and possible death. For some histamine related symptoms (itching, asthma, hyperacidity), there are antihistaminic drugs (e.g. Desloratadine-Aerius ® , Loratadine-Claritin ® , Ranitidine-Zantac ®) whereas for anaphylaxis, epinephrine (EpiPen ®) is required. Exogenous histamine, frequently associated to fermented food and beverages, some fruits, fish, may induce a food histaminosis and trigger pseudo-allergic phenomena for which there is no current treatment available. Histamine may also exert some pro-inflammatory effects, particularly damaging for subjects with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) as Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), mostly treated with anti-inflammatory drugs. Histamine deleterious effects and those produced as side-effects of antihistaminic drugs (allergic phenomena) or of anti-inflammatory drugs are inconvenient (nausea, diarheea, dizziness). For this reason, novel enzymatic strategies with Diamine Oxidase (DAO, histaminase) to decrease the histamine levels in allergic reactions to food and in ulcerative colitis were recently proposed. This may alleviate the symptoms associated with IBD and food allergens. The therapeutic concept is that histaminase will decrease the level of histamine in the intestine by oxidation, involving the dissolved oxygen. Since the by-product of the DAO reaction is hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), a pro-oxidant agent generating undesirable oxidative damaging effects, a combination of catalase and vegetal histaminase in tablet formulations for oral administration was proposed. Catalase will decompose H 2 O 2 generating in situ more oxygen, promoting thus the decomposition of histamine under histaminase action. Thus, the dual enzymatic histaminase + catalase tablets, could contribute to a healthier intestinal mucosa.This DAO approach seems a non-toxic way to improve the treatment IBD and related inflammatory pathologies.

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Regulation of gastric acid secretion

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor in Low Grade Prostate Cancer: Can It Be a Better Predictor Than Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen?

Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor in Low Grade Prostate Cancer: Can It Be a Better Predictor Than Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen?

The Histamine N-Methyltransferase T105I Polymorphism Affects Active Site Structure and Dynamics

Plant Histaminase as Bioactive Agent to Lower the Histamine Level: A Mini-Review

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