Regulation of free choline in rat brain: dietary and pharmacological manipulations

Klein, Jochen; Köppen, Andrea; Löffelholz, K.

doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(97)00127-7

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Fu et al showed that some cells lose microtubules after MC treatment [63]. Zhao et al reported that the MCRR affects the normal microfilament network in testis [64]. Together with previous ultrastructure results, variations of cytoskeletal proteins indicated that MCLR caused cellular damage in the brain due to cytoskeletal disruptions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

A proteomic analysis of prenatal transfer of microcystin-LR induced neurotoxicity in rat offspring

Zhao

Chen

2015

Journal of Proteomics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

A proteomic analysis of prenatal transfer of microcystin-LR induced neurotoxicity in rat offspring

Zhao

Chen

2015

Journal of Proteomics

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“…Considering a cerebral blood volume of B3%, 44 the apparent tissue Cho concentration would amount to a signal originating from an apparent tissue concentration of B150 nmol g À1 (specific weight of B1 g ml À1 ). An uptake of 70 nmol g À1 of brain min À1 has been reported, [24][25][26] consequently after B40 s we should have (neglecting efflux) B50 nmol g À1 of Cho in the brain, which represents one-third of the observed Cho signal. From these considerations it appears likely that a significant fraction of the Cho signal arises from the cerebral compartment, in addition to the blood pool.…”

Section: This Journal Is C the Owner Societies 2010mentioning

confidence: 84%

Feasibility of in vivo15N MRS detection of hyperpolarized 15N labeled choline in rats

Cudalbu

Comment

Kurdzesau

et al. 2010

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

102

125

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The increase of total choline in tumors has become an important biomarker in cancer diagnosis. Choline and choline metabolites can be measured in vivo and in vitro using multinuclear MRS. Recent in vivo 13 C MRS studies using labeled substrates enhanced via dynamic nuclear polarization demonstrated the tremendous potential of hyperpolarization for real-time metabolic studies. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of detecting hyperpolarized 15 N labeled choline in vivo in a rat head at 9.4 T. We furthermore report the in vitro (172 AE 16 s) and in vivo (126 AE 15 s) longitudinal relaxation times. We conclude that with appropriate infusion protocols it is feasible to detect hyperpolarized 15 N labeled choline in live animals.

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“…Subthreshold (i.e., inactive) concentrations of choline (5-10 M) have been detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in in vivo preparations under a variety of experimental conditions (Jope and Gu, 1991;Scremin and Jenden, 1991;Bertrand et al, 1996;Klein et al, 1998;Zapata et al, 1998;Rao et al, 2000;Sarter and Parikh, 2005;Parikh and Sarter, 2006). These ambient levels of choline can be elevated (3-4-fold) under conditions associated with ischemia, stroke, and substantial plasma membrane damage (Scremin and Jenden, 1991;Bertrand et al, 1996;Klein et al, 1998;Rao et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Concentrations of Choline Activate Native α7-Containing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in the Presence of PNU-120596 [1-(5-Chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-urea]

Gusev

Uteshev²

2009

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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The use of PNU-120596 [1-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-urea], a positive allosteric modulator of ␣7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), may be beneficial for enhancing cholinergic therapies. However, the effects of PNU-120596 on activation of native ␣7-containing nAChRs by physiological concentrations of choline are not known and were investigated in this study using patch-clamp electrophysiology and histaminergic tuberomammillary neurons in hypothalamic slices. In the presence of PNU-120596, subthreshold (i.e., inactive) physiological concentrations of choline (ϳ10 M) elicited repetitive step-like whole-cell responses reminiscent of single ion channel openings that were reversibly blocked by 20 nM methyllycaconitine, a selective ␣7 nAChR antagonist. The effects of choline and PNU-120596 were synergistic as administration of 10 to 40 M choline or 1 to 4 M PNU-120596 alone did not elicit responses. In voltage clamp at Ϫ60 mV, the persistent activation of ␣7-containing nAChRs by 10 M choline plus 1 M PNU-120596 was estimated to produce a sustained influx of Ca 2ϩ ions at a rate of 8.4 pC/min (ϳ0.14 pA). In the presence of PNU-120596 in current clamp, transient steplike depolarizations (ϳ5 mV) enhanced neuronal excitability and triggered voltage-gated conductances; a single opening of an ␣7-containing nAChR channel appeared to transiently depolarize the entire neuron and facilitate spontaneous firing. Therefore, this study tested and confirmed the hypothesis that PNU-120596 enhances the effects of subthreshold concentrations of choline on native ␣7-containing nAChRs, allowing physiological levels of choline to activate these receptors and produce whole-cell responses in the absence of exogenous nicotinic agents. In certain neurological disorders, this activation may be therapeutically beneficial, more efficacious, and safer than treatments with nAChR agonists.

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Regulation of free choline in rat brain: dietary and pharmacological manipulations

Cited by 45 publications

References 23 publications

A proteomic analysis of prenatal transfer of microcystin-LR induced neurotoxicity in rat offspring

A proteomic analysis of prenatal transfer of microcystin-LR induced neurotoxicity in rat offspring

Feasibility of in vivo15N MRS detection of hyperpolarized 15N labeled choline in rats

Physiological Concentrations of Choline Activate Native α7-Containing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in the Presence of PNU-120596 [1-(5-Chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-urea]

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