Regulation of Flowering by Trehalose-6-Phosphate Signaling in
            <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

Wahl, Vanessa; Ponnu, Jathish; Schlereth, Armin; Arrivault, Stéphanie; Langenecker, Tobias; Franke, Annika; Feil, Regina; Lunn, John E.; Stitt, Mark; Schmid, Markus

doi:10.1126/science.1230406

Cited by 604 publications

(738 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Notably, the CONSTANS (CO)-FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT) photoperiod floral pathway operates in a 12-h photoperiod that was used in the OpN and LiN treatments, but not in the 8-h photoperiod that was used in the LiC growth condition. The relationship between metabolic efficiency and flowering phenotypes is in line with recent evidence for a connection between metabolism, via the sucrose signal metabolite trehalose 6-phosphate and the CO-FT photoperiod floral pathway 55 . This relationship is further supported by recently discovered links between metabolism and the transition to maturity, which is a prerequisite for flowering [55][56][57] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The relationship between metabolic efficiency and flowering phenotypes is in line with recent evidence for a connection between metabolism, via the sucrose signal metabolite trehalose 6-phosphate and the CO-FT photoperiod floral pathway 55 . This relationship is further supported by recently discovered links between metabolism and the transition to maturity, which is a prerequisite for flowering [55][56][57] . A link between metabolic efficiency and defence-related phenotypes may not be apparent in our analyses, due to either the experimental design or the possibility that defence response may be induced rather than constitutively related to metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Metabolic efficiency underpins performance trade-offs in growth of Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2014

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Growth often involves a trade-off between the performance of contending tasks; metabolic plasticity can play an important role. Here we grow 97 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions in three conditions with a differing supply of carbon and nitrogen and identify a trade-off between two tasks required for rosette growth: increasing the physical size and increasing the protein concentration. We employ the Pareto performance frontier concept to rank accessions based on their multitask performance; only a few accessions achieve a good trade-off under all three growth conditions. We determine metabolic efficiency in each accession and condition by using metabolite levels and activities of enzymes involved in growth and protein synthesis. We demonstrate that accessions with high metabolic efficiency lie closer to the performance frontier and show increased metabolic plasticity. We illustrate how public domain data can be used to search for additional contending tasks, which may underlie the sub-optimality in some accessions. L iving organisms perform many different and sometimes contending tasks, leading to trade-offs in which optimal performance of one task comes at the cost of a sub-optimal performance of another task. Trade-offs are influenced by the environment and their resolution depends on metabolic resources and plasticity 1,2 . One important environmental variable affecting plant growth is resource availability 3-6 . We first ask whether there is a trade-off between two tasks during vegetative growth of Arabidopsis thaliana: the maximization of physical size and the maximization of protein concentration. We then apply two methods to rank accessions: the first based solely on the performance of tasks, and the second based on the efficiency with which metabolic resources are deployed to perform tasks. In addition, we investigate whether the trade-off and the ranking of accessions are affected by the availability of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and the way in which it shapes the accession-specific metabolic profiles.Plants use light energy to transform CO 2 and inorganic nutrients into a plethora of metabolic precursors that are used to drive growth. As plants are sessile, resource acquisition is constrained by their physical size. In land plants, the majority of a mature cell is occupied by the vacuole, allowing the generation of a much larger physical size per unit protein than is usually obtained by microbes or animals 7 . For simplification, we do not consider the impact of shape and phenology on the relation between physical size and resource acquisition. On the other hand, proteins are required to catalyse the transformation of resources into biomass. In particular, the majority of the protein in a plant leaf is involved in photosynthesis [8][9][10] . We hypothesize that there is a trade-off between physical size and protein concentration. While production of leaves with a higher protein concentration will allow higher rates of photosynthesis and metabolism per unit biomass, it also increases the costs of growth a...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Metabolic efficiency underpins performance trade-offs in growth of Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2014

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“…RA1 may therefore act at the interface of external and endogenous cues to modulate developmental transitions. Integration of these signals could be regulated in part by RA1 interactions with KN1 and potentially with RA3, since trehalose-6-phosphate was shown to regulate flowering time in Arabidopsis (Wahl et al 2013). Genes related to floral transition, and other RA1 targets such as TCP genes and ga2ox1, were recently implicated in tomato inflorescence architecture, further suggesting parallels in inflorescence development across species (Park et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory modules controlling maize inflorescence architecture

et al. 2013

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Genetic control of branching is a primary determinant of yield, regulating seed number and harvesting ability, yet little is known about the molecular networks that shape grain-bearing inflorescences of cereal crops. Here, we used the maize (Zea mays) inflorescence to investigate gene networks that modulate determinacy, specifically the decision to allow branch growth. We characterized developmental transitions by associating spatiotemporal expression profiles with morphological changes resulting from genetic perturbations that disrupt steps in a pathway controlling branching. Developmental dynamics of genes targeted in vivo by the transcription factor RAMOSA1, a key regulator of determinacy, revealed potential mechanisms for repressing branches in distinct stem cell populations, including interactions with KNOTTED1, a master regulator of stem cell maintenance. Our results uncover discrete developmental modules that function in determining grass-specific morphology and provide a basis for targeted crop improvement and translation to other cereal crops with comparable inflorescence architectures.

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“…For example, tps1 knockout mutants undergo seedling developmental arrest (Gómez et al, 2006), expression of bacterial Tre6P synthase (otsA) or phosphatase (otsB) affects leaf senescence (Wingler et al, 2012), and Tre6P and KIN10 act within a photoperiod-response pathway that controls the induction of flowering (Baena-González et al, 2007;Gómez et al, 2010;Wahl et al, 2013). Signaling by Tre6P and KIN10 is also important for the regulation of growth rates.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Energy-Signaling Hub SnRK1 Is Important for Sucrose-Induced Hypocotyl Elongation

et al. 2017

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Emerging seedlings respond to environmental conditions such as light and temperature to optimize their establishment. Seedlings grow initially through elongation of the hypocotyl, which is regulated by signaling pathways that integrate environmental information to regulate seedling development. The hypocotyls of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) also elongate in response to sucrose. Here, we investigated the role of cellular sugar-sensing mechanisms in the elongation of hypocotyls in response to Suc. We focused upon the role of SnRK1, which is a sugar-signaling hub that regulates metabolism and transcription in response to cellular energy status. We also investigated the role of TPS1, which synthesizes the signaling sugar trehalose-6-P that is proposed to regulate SnRK1 activity. Under light/dark cycles, we found that Suc-induced hypocotyl elongation did not occur in tps1 mutants and overexpressors of KIN10 (AKIN10/SnRK1.1), a catalytic subunit of SnRK1. We demonstrate that the magnitude of Suc-induced hypocotyl elongation depends on the day length and light intensity. We identified roles for auxin and gibberellin signaling in Suc-induced hypocotyl elongation under short photoperiods. We found that Suc-induced hypocotyl elongation under light/dark cycles does not involve another proposed sugar sensor, HEXOKINASE1, or the circadian oscillator. Our study identifies novel roles for KIN10 and TPS1 in mediating a signal that underlies Suc-induced hypocotyl elongation in light/dark cycles.

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Regulation of Flowering by Trehalose-6-Phosphate Signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 604 publications

References 45 publications

Metabolic efficiency underpins performance trade-offs in growth of Arabidopsis thaliana

Metabolic efficiency underpins performance trade-offs in growth of Arabidopsis thaliana

Regulatory modules controlling maize inflorescence architecture

The Energy-Signaling Hub SnRK1 Is Important for Sucrose-Induced Hypocotyl Elongation

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