Regulation of expression of the early growth response gene-1 (EGR-1) in malignant and benign cells of the prostate

Abstract

PC-3 cells maintain a long lasting, heavily phosphorylated pool of EGR-1, which binds poorly to DNA and responds poorly to mitogenic stimulus. BPH-1 cells, in contrast, maintain a more responsive, less phosphorylated EGR-1 pool. These findings suggest that EGR-1 expression and activity is differentially regulated in PC-3 and BPH-1 cell lines.

A Review on Application Of Biomarkers In The Field Of Bioinformatics & Nanotechnology For Individualized Cancer Treatment

“…In this study, four conjugates of QD-antibodies were used to recognize and detect the four antigens which are responsible for causing tumor (the tumor-suppressor p53, the E3 ubiquitin ligase mdm-2, the zincfinger transcription factor EGR-1 and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21/CDN1A). These markers were known to vital in diagnosis of prostate cancer and they have also been correlated with the behavior of tumor [79,80]. In case of molecular profiling, the results of QDs were consistent with results obtained by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and traditional immunohistochemistry (IHC) and using human breast cancer cells [19].…”

Bioconjugated quantum dots for multiplexed and quantitative immunohistochemistry

“…For molecular profiling of clinical FFPE prostate specimens, we have also obtained interesting results by using four tumor antigens (mdm-2, p53, EGR-1 and p21), as shown in Figure 8. These markers are known to be important in prostate cancer diagnosis and are correlated with tumor behavior 39,40 . We are able to detect all four markers in the tissue specimens, but the autofluorescence is higher than that observed in FFPE cells.…”

Differential gene expression in tumor adjacent histologically normal prostatic tissue indicates field cancerization

“…Among the 11 highest upregulated transcripts in TAHN tissues were EGR-1, c-Fos, and the growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), also called macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC1). EGR-1 has been strongly implicated in prostate cancer (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and regulates multiple target genes that in turn have a potential role in prostatic carcinogenesis and progression, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), thereby regulating a spectrum of cellular responses, including growth and growth arrest, survival and apoptosis, and differentiation and transformation (40,41). The involvement of c-Fos as part of the transcription factor activator protein 1 (AP-1) that is activated downstream of many growth factors is supported by a large body of literature on oncogenesis and metastasis (42,43).…”

“…~2.8-fold up-regulated compared to cancer-free tissues, as defined in Table III). Early growth response protein 1 (EGR-1) represents the transcript most up-regulated (8.92-fold) in TAHN tissues and has been previously implicated in prostate tumorigenesis (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Its expression in tumor tissue was 9.27-fold (Table IV).…”