Regulation of Dietary Lipid Sources on Tissue Lipid Classes and Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism of Juvenile Swimming Crab, Portunus trituberculatus

Abstract

An 8-weeks feeding trial with swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus , was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary lipid sources on the lipid classes, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial energy metabolism relevant genes expression. Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets were formulated to contain fish oil (FO), krill oil (KO), palm oil (PO), rapeseed oil (RO), soybean oil (SO), and linseed oil (LO), respectively. A total of 270 swimming crab juveniles (initial weight 5.43 ± 0.03 g) were randomly divided into six diets with three replications, each consisted of 45 juvenile crabs. The results revealed that crabs fed KO had highest lipid content in hepatopancreas and free fatty acids in serum among all diets. The anabolic pathway relevant genes: fas and acc were up-regulated in KO diet. The catabolic pathway relevant genes, hsl , was up-regulated in LO diet, while cpt1 was up-regulated in KO diet. Whereas, the genes involved in the transport and uptake of fatty acids such as fabp1 and fatp4 were down-regulated in crab fed PO and RO diets. Furthermore, the gene expression levels of transcription factors: srebp-1 and hnf4 α in KO and SO diets were the highest among all diets. FO and KO diets had significantly higher unsaturation index of mitochondrial membrane than others. The genes related to mitochondrial energy metabolism, such as Atpase6 , sirt1 , and sirt3 were significantly up-regulated in KO and SO diets. In summary, dietary KO and SO supplementation could improve the lipid metabolism, promote energy production for juvenile swimming crab and improve physiological process and function including molting. These findings could contribute to deepen the understanding of the physiological metabolism of dietary fatty acids for swimming crab.

Effects of fish oil replacement by blending vegetable oils in fattening diets on nonvolatile taste substances of swimming crab ( Portunus trituberculatus )

“…Soybean oil is identified as appropriate lipid source for marine animals as the abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially linoleic acid (Noordin, Zeng, Southgate, & Romano, 2015). And soybean oil could promote energy production, improve the lipid metabolism, and physiological function for juvenile swimming crab (Yuan, Sun, Jin, Wang, & Zhou, 2019). Plant oils used in fattening feed is effective to the growth, immunity, metabolism, antioxidant, and volatile taste substances of crab, besides it can also increase triglycerides, crude fat, n‐6 PUFA content, some antioxidant, and immune indexes in the hepatopancreas (Wu, Long, et al., 2019).…”

Abnormal lipid droplets accumulation induced cognitive deficits in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome mice via JNK/SREBP/ACC pathway but not through PDP1/PDC pathway

“…Reports show that ROS triggers SREBP activity in fruit fly neurons and leads to LDs accumulation (Liu et al 2015 ). SREBP regulates the expression of several genes, such as ACC and fatty acid synthase (FAS) (Yuan et al 2019 ). ACC is a rate-limiting enzyme in de novo fatty acid synthesis, catalyzing ATP-dependent carboxylation of Acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA (an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis) (Hunkeler et al 2018 ).…”

Dietary Corn Starch Levels Regulated Insulin-Mediated Glycemic Responses and Glucose Homeostasis in Swimming Crab (Portunus trituberculatus)

“…The previous findings also demonstrated that changes in mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activity can lead to changes in tissue aerobic capacity, thereby affecting aerobic metabolism and ATP production [54]. Previous studies have reported that the expression levels of ATPase (atpase), NADH dehydrogenase (nd), succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C (sdhc), cytochrome b (cytb), cytochrome c oxidase (cox), and silencing information regulator (sirt) were closely related to the synthesis of mitochondrial complexes [19,55,56], and in this study, genes related to energy metabolism all showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.…”

“…Real-Time Quantitative PCR. RNA extraction and PCR analysis were referred as the method described by Yuan et al [19]. All specific primers and housekeeping genes were designed by Primer Premier 5.0, synthesized by BGI (Beijing Genomics Research Institute, Shenzhen, China) and verified to be usable (Table 2).…”