Regulation of Dendritic Cell Functions by Vitamins as Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Immune System Disorders

Abstract

A functional immune system is crucial for a healthy life, protecting from infections, tumors, or autoimmune disorders; these are accomplished by the interaction between various immune cells. Nourishment, particularly micronutrients, are very important components in the immune system balance, therefore this review emphasizes the vitamins (D, E, A, C) and Dendritic cells’ subsets due to vitamins’ roles in immune processes, especially on dendritic cells' functions, maturation, and cytokine production. Current studies reveal significant benefits related to vitamins, including vitamin E, which can contribute to the control of dendritic cells’ function and maturation. Furthermore, vitamin D plays an immunoregulatory and anti‐inflammatory role in the immune system. Metabolite of vitamin A which is called retinoic acid leads to T cells’ differentiation to T helper 1 or T helper 17, so low levels of this vitamin exacerbate the menace of infectious diseases, and vitamin C has anti‐oxidant effects on dendritic cells and modulate their activation and differentiation program. Additionally, the correlation between the amount of vitamin and the occurrence or progression of allergic diseases and autoimmunity disorders is discussed according to the results of previous studies.

Bone Formation and Maintenance in Oral Surgery: The Decisive Role of the Immune System—A Narrative Review of Mechanisms and Solutions

“…Both enable vitamin D to perform a neuromediative function: it regulates growth and stimulates the production of antioxidants [83]. Numerous genes determi immunity and bone growth or remodeling are vitamin D-dependent, and Vitamin one of the most powerful activators of Nrf2 [84,85]. It stimulates the expression of microbial peptides that are effective against bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus [86 It has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, as it inhibits Cox-2 exp sion and suppresses pro-inflammatory mediators [88].…”