Regulation of Cyclin A protein in meiosis and early embryogenesis

Vardy, Leah A.; Pesin, Jillian A.; Orr‐Weaver, Terry L.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0813237106

Cited by 28 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The GLD-2 poly(A) polymerase promotes further lengthening of the poly(A) tail of these and other mRNAs at activation [101]. In addition, translation of the cyclin mRNAs is promoted by a protein kinase complex composed of the Pan Gu (PNG) kinase and two regulatory subunits (figure 2c) [41,43,104]. When PNG kinase is nonfunctional, meiosis is completed but mitosis does not occur in the embryo.…”

Section: (D) Egg Activation and The Completion Of Meiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drosophila egg activation induces renewed translation of cell cycle regulators, such as Cyclin A and Cyclin B [41,43]. The GLD-2 poly(A) polymerase promotes further lengthening of the poly(A) tail of these and other mRNAs at activation [101].…”

Section: (D) Egg Activation and The Completion Of Meiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When Bruno is mutated, the elevated levels of Cyclin A lead oocytes to exit meiosis, and nurse cells to leave the endo cycle, and transit into a 'mitosis-like' state. The decrease in Bruno levels at the exit from prophase I allows for Cyclin A translation and meiotic progression [41].…”

Section: Developmental Control Of the Cell Cycle Via Translational Rementioning

confidence: 99%

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Translational regulation of the cell cycle: when, where, how and why?

Kronja

Orr‐Weaver

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Translational regulation contributes to the control of archetypal and specialized cell cycles, such as the meiotic and early embryonic cycles. Late meiosis and early embryogenesis unfold in the absence of transcription, so they particularly rely on translational repression and activation of stored maternal mRNAs. Here, we present examples of cell cycle regulators that are translationally controlled during different cell cycle and developmental transitions in model organisms ranging from yeast to mouse. Our focus also is on the RNA-binding proteins that affect cell cycle progression by recognizing special features in untranslated regions of mRNAs. Recent research highlights the significance of the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein (CPEB). CPEB determines polyadenylation status, and consequently translational efficiency, of its target mRNAs in both transcriptionally active somatic cells as well as in transcriptionally silent mature Xenopus oocytes and early embryos. We discuss the role of CPEB in mediating the translational timing and in some cases spindle-localized translation of critical regulators of Xenopus oogenesis and early embryogenesis. We conclude by outlining potential directions and approaches that may provide further insights into the translational control of the cell cycle.

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Section: (D) Egg Activation and The Completion Of Meiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: (D) Egg Activation and The Completion Of Meiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Translational regulation of the cell cycle: when, where, how and why?

Kronja

Orr‐Weaver

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…3A). However, there are two abundant sources of ovarian CycA protein, somatic follicle cells before stage 7 and germline cells after stage 11 (Sugimura and Lilly, 2006;Vardy et al, 2009). Expression of hsp70:GAL4 alone or with UAS:CycA RNAi resulted in nonspecific cell death and degeneration of late stage egg chambers, but did not affect earlier stages of oogenesis, as we have previously described (McConnell and Calvi, 2009).…”

Section: Knockdown Of Cyclin a Or Overexpression Of Fzr/cdh1 Induces mentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of endocycles represses apoptosis independently of differentiation and predisposes cells to genome instability

et al. 2014

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The endocycle is a common developmental cell cycle variation wherein cells become polyploid through repeated genome duplication without mitosis. We previously showed that Drosophila endocycling cells repress the apoptotic cell death response to genotoxic stress. Here, we investigate whether it is differentiation or endocycle remodeling that promotes apoptotic repression. We find that when nurse and follicle cells switch into endocycles during oogenesis they repress the apoptotic response to DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation, and that this repression has been conserved in the genus Drosophila over 40 million years of evolution. Follicle cells defective for Notch signaling failed to switch into endocycles or differentiate and remained apoptotic competent. However, genetic ablation of mitosis by knockdown of Cyclin A or overexpression of fzr/Cdh1 induced follicle cell endocycles and repressed apoptosis independently of Notch signaling and differentiation. Cells recovering from these induced endocycles regained apoptotic competence, showing that repression is reversible. Recovery from fzr/Cdh1 overexpression also resulted in an error-prone mitosis with amplified centrosomes and high levels of chromosome loss and fragmentation. Our results reveal an unanticipated link between endocycles and the repression of apoptosis, with broader implications for how endocycles may contribute to genome instability and oncogenesis.

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“…However, their meiotic expression is strictly regulated at the posttranscriptional and postranslational level; misregulation of these cyclins perturbs meiosis (Carlile and Amon, 2008). In Drosophila melanogaster, cyclin A is essential for mitosis, but it is also expressed in meiosis where it is restricted to prophase and prometaphase I (Vardy et al, 2009). Another important layer of meiotic regulation is conferred by inhibitors and activators of APC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic Progression inArabidopsisIs Governed by Complex Regulatory Interactions between SMG7, TDM1, and the Meiosis I–Specific Cyclin TAM

et al. 2010

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Meiosis is a modified cell division that produces four haploid nuclei from a single diploid cell in two rounds of chromosome segregation. Here, we analyze the role of Arabidopsis thaliana SUPPRESSOR WITH MORPHOGENETIC EFFECTS ON GENITALIA7 (SMG7), THREE DIVISION MUTANT1 (TDM1), and TARDY ASYNCHRONOUS MEIOSIS (TAM) in meiotic progression. SMG7 is a conserved nonsense-mediated mRNA decay factor that is also, in Arabidopsis, essential for completion of meiosis. Examination of activating CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE A;1 phosophorylation at Thr-161 suggests that the meiotic arrest observed in smg7 mutants is likely caused by a failure to downregulate cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity at the end of the second meiotic division. Genetic analysis indicates that SMG7 and TDM1 act in the same pathway to facilitate exit from meiosis. We further demonstrate that the cyclin TAM is specifically expressed in meiosis I and has both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on progression to meiosis II. TAM knockouts skip the second meiotic division producing unreduced gametes, but inactivation of SMG7 or TDM1 alleviates TAM's requirement for entry into meiosis II. We propose a model that meiotic progression in Arabidopsis pollen mother cells is driven by a yet to be identified cyclin-CDK activity that is modulated by regulatory interactions between TDM1, SMG7, and TAM.

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Regulation of Cyclin A protein in meiosis and early embryogenesis

Cited by 28 publications

References 48 publications

Translational regulation of the cell cycle: when, where, how and why?

Translational regulation of the cell cycle: when, where, how and why?

Induction of endocycles represses apoptosis independently of differentiation and predisposes cells to genome instability

Meiotic Progression inArabidopsisIs Governed by Complex Regulatory Interactions between SMG7, TDM1, and the Meiosis I–Specific Cyclin TAM

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