Regulation of conidiation, polarity growth, and pathogenicity by MrSte12 transcription factor in entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium rileyi

Lin, Yunlong; Wang, Jing; Yang, Kai; Fan, Liqin; Wang, Zhongkang; Yin, Yue

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2021.103612

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Penetration of the host cuticle is essential for filamentous fungal pathogens to successfully infect the host. Fus3/Kss1 MAPK cascade and its downstream TF Ste12‐like are required for appressorium formation/function, penetration of host cuticle/pathogenicity in some fungal pathogens 10,11,14,20,21,26,27,53 . In this study, we provided the direct evidence in vivo that Fus3/Kss1 MAPK (Bbmpk1) interacted with Ste12‐like (BbSte12) in the nucleus in the insect fungal pathogen, B. bassiana .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In yeast, transcription factor (TF) Ste12 acts as a target of both of Fus3 and Kss1 MAPK cascades, which coordinates with Far1, Dig1 and Dig2, and Tec1 for regulation of mating and invasive/pseudohyphal growth, respectively 17,18 . Ste12‐like has been also identified in filamentous fungi, which regulates appressorium formation, cell wall penetration and pathogenicity, as well as fungal development and differentation 17,19,20 . Fus3/Kss1‐MAPK has also been shown to interact with Ste12‐like with in vitro tests from the fungal pathogens Fusarium graminearum and Metarhizium robertsii 21,22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fus3/Kss1‐MAP kinase and Ste12‐like control distinct biocontrol‐traits besides regulation of insect cuticle penetration via phosphorylation cascade in a filamentous fungal pathogen

Zhao

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Homolog of the yeast Fus3/Kss1 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and its target transcription factor, Ste12-like, are involved in penetration of host cuticle/pathogenicity in many ascomycete pathogens. However, details of their interaction during fungal infection, as well as their controlled other virulence-associated traits, are unclear.RESULTS: Ste12-like (BbSte12) and Fus3/Kss1 MAPK homolog (Bbmpk1) interacted in nucleus, and phosphorylation of BbSte12 by Bbmpk1 was essential for penetration of insect cuticle in an insect fungal pathogen, Beauveria bassiana. However, some distinct biocontrol-traits were found to be mediated by Ste12 and Bbmpk1. In contrast to ΔBbmpk1 colony that grew more rapid than wild-type strain, inactivation of BbSte12 resulted in the opposite phenotype, which was consistent with their different proliferation rates in insect hemocoel after direct injection of conidia bypass the cuticle. Reduced conidial yield with decreased hydrophobicity was examined in both mutants, however they displayed distinct conidiogenesis, accompanying with differently altered cell cycle, distinct hyphal branching and septum formation. Moreover, ΔBbmpk1 showed increased tolerance to oxidative agent, whereas the opposite phenotype was seen for ΔBbSte12 strain. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that Bbmpk1 controlled 356 genes depending on BbSte12 during cuticle penetration, but 1077 and 584 genes were independently controlled by Bbmpk1 and BbSte12.CONCLUSION: BbSte12 and Bbmpk1 separately participate in additional pathways for control of conidiation, growth and hyphal differentiation, as well as oxidative stress response besides regulating cuticle penetration via phosphorylation cascade.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fus3/Kss1‐MAP kinase and Ste12‐like control distinct biocontrol‐traits besides regulation of insect cuticle penetration via phosphorylation cascade in a filamentous fungal pathogen

Zhao

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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“…In D. dactyloides , the Δ Ddste12 mutant had defects for conidiation, and the number of conidia decreased by only 19.7% compared to the WT strains ( 34 ). The absence of Ste12 caused conidia to be produced only under the condition of 0.4 M KCl in the growth medium, in Metarhizium rileyi ( 40 ). Similarly, conidia yield was decreased in the Δ ste12 mutant of S. turcica ( 35 ), and A. oryzae ( 25 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, Ste12 is involved in virulence and is necessary for Candida glabrata to produce pseudomycelia in nitrogen-deficient cultures ( 44 ). Similarly, Ste12 is essential for pathogenicity in several pathogenic fungi, such as F. graminearum ( 36 ), F. oxysporum ( 26 ), M. grisea ( 30 ), M. rileyi ( 40 ), and S. turcica ( 35 ). Recently, orthologous Ste12 was identified in the two NT fungi D. dactyloides and A. oligospora (strain TWF154); disruption of the Ddaste12 gene in D. dactyloides disabled the cell inflation of constricting rings and led to an inability to capture nematodes ( 34 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AoSte12 Is Required for Mycelial Development, Conidiation, Trap Morphogenesis, and Secondary Metabolism by Regulating Hyphal Fusion in Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

et al. 2023

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Nematode-trapping (NT) fungi are an important natural enemy of nematodes and can capture their prey by producing traps. Hyphal anastomosis and fusion are important for mycelial growth and the colony morphological development of filamentous fungi and are also crucial for the trap morphogenesis of NT fungi. Arthrobotrys oligospora can form complex three-dimensional networks (traps) when sensing the presence of nematodes.

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“…The deficiency of MrSte50 and MrOpy2 strains do not produce appressoria [ 42 ]. Furthermore, the complete or nearly complete loss ability of differentiation to appressoria is caused by the deletion of the transcription factor Ste12 in M. acridum , M. rileyi , and M. robertsii [ 43 , 44 , 45 ]. MrSte12 positively regulates the expression of the transcription factor MrAFTF1 through MrFus3 [ 45 ].…”

Section: The Early Phase Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host–Pathogen Interactions between Metarhizium spp. and Locusts

Xia

2022

JoF

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The progress in research on the interactions between Metarhizium spp. and locusts has improved our understanding of the interactions between fungal infection and host immunity. A general network of immune responses has been constructed, and the pathways regulating fungal pathogenicity have also been explored in depth. However, there have been no systematic surveys of interaction between Metarhizium spp. and locusts. The pathogenesis of Metarhizium comprises conidial attachment, germination, appressorial formation, and colonization in the body cavity of the host locusts. Meanwhile, the locust resists fungal infection through humoral and cellular immunity. Here, we summarize the crucial pathways that regulate the pathogenesis of Metarhizium and host immune defense. Conidial hydrophobicity is mainly affected by the contents of hydrophobins and chitin. Appressorial formation is regulated by the pathways of MAPKs, cAMP/PKA, and Ca2+/calmodulin. Lipid droplets degradation and secreted enzymes contributed to fungal penetration. The humoral response of locust is coordinated by the Toll pathway and the ecdysone. The regulatory mechanism of hemocyte differentiation and migration is elusive. In addition, behavioral fever and density-dependent population immunity have an impact on the resistance of hosts against fungal infection. This review depicts a prospect to help us understand host–pathogen interactions and provides a foundation for the engineering of entomopathogenic fungi and the discovery of insecticidal targets to control insect pests.

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Regulation of conidiation, polarity growth, and pathogenicity by MrSte12 transcription factor in entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium rileyi

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

Fus3/Kss1‐MAP kinase and Ste12‐like control distinct biocontrol‐traits besides regulation of insect cuticle penetration via phosphorylation cascade in a filamentous fungal pathogen

Fus3/Kss1‐MAP kinase and Ste12‐like control distinct biocontrol‐traits besides regulation of insect cuticle penetration via phosphorylation cascade in a filamentous fungal pathogen

AoSte12 Is Required for Mycelial Development, Conidiation, Trap Morphogenesis, and Secondary Metabolism by Regulating Hyphal Fusion in Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

Host–Pathogen Interactions between Metarhizium spp. and Locusts

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