Regulation of colostrogenesis in cattle

Barrington, George M.; McFadden, T.B.; Huyler, Mark T.; Besser, Thomas E.

doi:10.1016/s0301-6226(01)00201-9

Cited by 101 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This indicates that colostrum IgG influx occurs during a time of high P4 plasma concentration. This finding agrees with previous work showing that colostrum forms weeks before parturition (Barrington et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…It was previously reported that the prepartum increase in PRL following a decrease in P4 inhibits the transfer of maternal immunoglobulin (IgG) into colostrum (Guy et al, 1994b;Barrington et al, 2001). Simultaneously, the same signal triggers the onset of copious milk production (Schams and Karg, 1969;Hoffmann et al, 1973) that may dilute accumulated immunoglobulins in the mammary gland, leading to a decreased concentration of colostral IgG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peripartal progesterone and prolactin have little effect on the rapid transport of immunoglobulin G into colostrum of dairy cows

Gross

Kessler

Bjerre-Harpøth

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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Colostrum formation and lactogenesis in the mammary gland and the timing of parturition are regulated by endocrine signals. Changes in progesterone (P4) and prolactin (PRL) are considered key events that inhibit colostrum formation, trigger parturition, and signal the onset of lactation. The goal of our study was to determine if colostrum yield and composition and immunoglobulin transfer are affected by prepartum milking relative to the decrease in P4, peak of PRL, or occurrence of parturition. Twenty-three multiparous cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: (1) control with first milking at 4 h postcalving (CON, n = 11), and (2) treatment group with first milking approximately 1 d before calving and second milking at 4 h after parturition (APM, n = 12). Colostrum yields were recorded and proportional samples were analyzed for immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration. Blood plasma samples for the analyses of P4 and PRL were collected 3 times daily at 8-h intervals for 4 d prepartum and again taken at 4 h after parturition. Total colostrum mass of APM cows was higher than that of CON cows. Immunoglobulin G concentration and protein content did not differ between antepartum milking in APM cows and postpartum milking in CON cows. Colostrum IgG concentration and protein content in APM cows at the postpartum milking were lower compared with the IgG concentration established at the prepartum (APM) and postpartum milkings of CON cows. Immunoglobulin G mass did not differ in first and second colostrum collection in APM cows but was lower compared with that of CON cows. The sum of IgG mass in APM cows (prepartum + postpartum collections) did not differ from that of CON cows. Lactose and fat in milk (concentration and mass) increased from first to second milking in APM cows. Total mass of lactose and fat in APM cows (prepartum + postpartum collections) was greater compared with that of CON cows. The finding that the time of milking relative to parturition, P4 decrease, and PRL peak slightly affected yield and quality of colostrum emphasizes the complex interactions of numerous endocrine and morphological changes occurring during colostrogenesis and lactogenesis in dairy cows. The considerably rapid transfer of immunoglobulins into colostrum of prepartum-milked cows within a few hours leads to the hypothesis that the transfer of IgG can be very fast and-contrary to earlier findings-persist at least until parturition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripartal progesterone and prolactin have little effect on the rapid transport of immunoglobulin G into colostrum of dairy cows

Gross

Kessler

Bjerre-Harpøth

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…The uptake of IgG by mammary glands is presumably mediated by an Fc-specific receptor called FcRn in swine (Schnulle and Hurley, 2003) as in ruminants (for a review, see Barrington et al, 2001). In ruminants, prolactin inhibits the expression of the FcRn, thereby inducing the cessation of IgG transfer to the colostrum (Barrington et al, 2001).…”

Section: Concentrations Of Igg In the Colostrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Colostrum production by sows: variability of colostrum yield and immunoglobulin G concentrations

Quesnel

2011

Animal

132

101

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Colostrum provides newborn piglets with energy, immunoglobulins and growth, thereby playing an essential role in piglet survival. However, colostrum yield and composition are highly variable among sows. Some of the factors involved in this variability have been identified. The aim of the study was to confirm previous findings on a large number of animals and to investigate other potential factors of variation, such as the process of farrowing and the morphological changes of the mammary epithelium that occur during the 24 h post partum. The experiment was conducted on 16 Large White (LW) and 56 Landrace (LR) 3 Large White (LR 3 LW) crossbred sows of mixed parities and their litters. Most farrowings were induced at 113 days of gestation and all farrowings were attended. Each piglet was weighed at birth and 24 h after farrowing started (t 24 ). Colostrum ingestion by individual piglets was estimated using piglet weight gains from birth to t 24 . Colostrum production by sows was estimated by summing up colostrum intakes by each piglet of the litter. Colostrum was collected at the onset of farrowing (t 0 ) and at t 24 to determine concentrations of immunoglobulins G (IgG), Na and K. Analyses of correlations and multiple regressions were performed to identify the variables involved in variation of colostrum yield and IgG concentrations. Colostrum yield was not related to litter size and weight (P . 0.1). It was negatively correlated with the number of stillborn piglets (r 5 20.33, P 5 0.005) and within-litter variation of piglet birth weight (r 5 20.24, P 5 0.04). It was not related to the Na/K ratio in the colostrum, which is an indicator of the integrity of the mammary epithelium. When sows were categorised according to their level of colostrum yield, sows that produced a low yield of colostrum had more stillborn piglets at birth than the other sows (P , 0.05) and tended to have a longer birth interval during the early process of parturition (P , 0.1). At t 24 , concentrations of IgG in the colostrum were positively correlated with the Na/K ratio in the colostrum (r 5 0.53, P , 0.001), which indicates the concomitance of the cessation of IgG transfer to the colostrum and the changes in the morphology of the mammary epithelium. This study points out the need for future research on the role of the hormones involved in both the process of parturition and lactogenesis in the relationship between stillbirth, process of parturition and colostrum production.

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“…In pigs and cattle, colostrum yield and composition are under hormonal control, with prolactin and steroids (progesterone, estradiol and glucocorticoids) playing a key role (Barrington et al, 2001;Farmer and Quesnel, 2009). Alterations in prolactin and progesterone concentrations during the prepartum period were associated with a decreased production of colostrum by primiparous sows (Foisnet et al, 2010).…”

Section: Effect Of Maternal Stress During Gestation On Maternal Qualimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alterations in prolactin and progesterone concentrations during the prepartum period were associated with a decreased production of colostrum by primiparous sows (Foisnet et al, 2010). Moreover, prolactin was demonstrated to induce the cessation of IgG transfer into colostrum in cows, and glucocorticoids are also likely to be involved (Barrington et al, 2001). As heat stress increases prolactin levels during the last few weeks of gestation of cows (do Amaral et al, 2011), prolactin has been proposed as a candidate for the decreased colostrogenesis in heat-stressed cows (Tao et al, 2012).…”

Section: Effect Of Maternal Stress During Gestation On Maternal Qualimentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal stress, immunity and neonatal health in farm animal species

Merlot

Quesnel

Prunier

2013

Animal

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The high pre-weaning mortality in farm animal species and poor welfare conditions of reproductive females question modern industrial farming acceptability. A growing body of literature has been produced recently, investigating the impact of maternal stress during gestation on maternal and offspring physiology and behavior in farm animals. Until now, the possible impact of prenatal stress on neonatal health, growth and survival could not be consistently demonstrated, probably because experimental studies use small numbers of animals and thus do not allow accurate estimations. However, the data from literature synthesized in the present review show that in ungulates, maternal stress can sometimes alter important maternal parameters of neonatal survival such as colostrum production (ruminants) and maternal care to the newborn (pigs). Furthermore, maternal stress during gestation can affect maternal immune system and impair her health, which can have an impact on the transfer of pathogens from the mother to her fetus or neonate. Finally, prenatal stress can decrease the ability of the neonate to absorb colostral immunoglobulins, and alter its inflammatory response and lymphocyte functions during the first few weeks of life. Cortisol and reproductive hormones in the case of colostrogenesis are pointed out as possible hormonal mediators. Field data and epidemiological studies are needed to quantify the role of maternal welfare problems in neonatal health and survival.

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Regulation of colostrogenesis in cattle

Cited by 101 publications

References 52 publications

Peripartal progesterone and prolactin have little effect on the rapid transport of immunoglobulin G into colostrum of dairy cows

Peripartal progesterone and prolactin have little effect on the rapid transport of immunoglobulin G into colostrum of dairy cows

Colostrum production by sows: variability of colostrum yield and immunoglobulin G concentrations

Prenatal stress, immunity and neonatal health in farm animal species

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