Regulation of Cathelicidin Gene Expression: Induction by Lipopolysaccharide, Interleukin-6, Retinoic Acid, and
 Salmonella enterica
 Serovar Typhimurium Infection

Wu, Hua; Zhang, Guolong; Minton, J. Ernest; Ross, Christopher; Blecha, Frank

doi:10.1128/iai.68.10.5552-5558.2000

Cited by 96 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…The results from the current experiment show that supplementation with micronized baizhu could significantly increase the gene expression of PR-39. Previous studies revealed that the 5' flanking region of the PR-39 gene contained several potential regulatory motifs, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, NF-IL-6, and IL-6 response elements (IL-6 RE) (Wu et al, 2000). Taken together, these findings suggest that extrinsic modulation of this innate host defense mechanism may be possible.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…Those data may indicate a role for the antimicrobial peptide in the development of host defense mechanisms. And the following experiment results showed that LPS, IL-6, and retinoic acid significantly up-regulated PR-39 gene expression (Wu et al, 2000). Micronized Astragalus and Astragalus polysaccharides significantly enhanced PR-39 gene mRNA expression (Tu et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of supplementing diets with Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz rhizomes on growth performance and immune function in piglets

Xu¹,

Zhao²,

Shang³

et al. 2012

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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The rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (baizhu in Chinese, AMK) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine that has long been used as a digestive and tonic. The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of baizhu powder on the growth performance and immune function of piglets. Duroc × Landrace×Yorkshire piglets (n=72, half males and half females, 42 days of age, liveweight 14.82±0.17 kg) were randomly allocated to three treatments: control, control+AMK either ground (GMD=180 μm), or micronized (GMD=5.59 μm), for 30 days. The results showed that supplementation with micronized baizhu significantly increased average daily gain (ADG) (P<0.05) and decreased (P<0.05) the feed/gain and diarrhoea ratios compared with the control group. Pigs given 80 mesh baizhu had a lower (P<0.05) diarrhoea ratio than those fed the control diet. Supplementation with 80 mesh baizhu and micronized baizhu significantly increased (P<0.05) both concanavalin-(ConA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced splenocyte and peripheral lymphocyte proliferation, serum IgG, IL-1, and IL-2 concentrations (P<0.05) compared with the control group. In addition, supplementation with micronized baizhu significantly enhanced (P<0.05) PR-39 mRNA expression compared with the control group. The results indicate that baizhu could ameliorate metabolic status and regulate immune function to improve the growth performance of piglets, and that super-fine comminution may improve its medicinal efficiency.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of supplementing diets with Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz rhizomes on growth performance and immune function in piglets

Xu¹,

Zhao²,

Shang³

et al. 2012

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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show abstract

“…TLR2 [51] , CD14-TLR4 [52] activated immune pathways, and inflammatory cytokines [53] have been previously shown to induce the expression of AMPs [54] . We demonstrate the novel finding of significant l AMP expression patterns during development, in the absence o nfection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential antimicrobial peptide gene expression patterns during early chicken embryological development

Meade

Higgs

Lloyd

et al. 2009

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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“…For example, immunostaining demonstrates that subcutaneous infections with the Gram-positive pathogen GAS provoke marked increases in local expression of cathelicidin both mice and humans Lauth et al, 2004). In porcine and bovine models, leukocyte expression of cathelicidin is specifically induced in response to Gram-negative bacterial infection or LPS (Tomasinsig et al, 2002;Wu et al, 2000). Recent studies of human airway epithelial cells indicate that β-defensin expression can be induced by cell wall lipoteichoic acid in a process involving Toll-like receptor-2 recognition and activation of NFκB signal transduction pathways (Birchler et al, 2001;Wang et al, 2003), and the epidermal β-defensin-2 response to LPS is further augmented by mononuclear cell production of interleukin-1 (Liu et al, 2003).…”

Section: Bacterial Regulation Of Host Amp Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Peptide Resistance Mechanisms of Human Bacterial Pathogens

Nizet

2006

Current Issues in Molecular Biology

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The critical role played by antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in mammalian innate immunity is increasingly recognized. Bacteria differ in their intrinsic susceptibility to AMPs, and the relative resistance of some important human pathogens to these defense molecules is now appreciated as an important virulence phenotype. Experimental analysis has identified diverse mechanisms of bacterial AMP resistance including altered cell surface charge, active efflux, production of proteases or trapping proteins, and modification of host cellular processes. The contribution of these resistance mechanisms to pathogenesis is confirmed through direct comparison of wild-type bacteria and AMP-sensitive mutants using in vivo infection models. Knowledge of the molecular basis of bacterial AMP resistance may provide new targets for antimicrobial therapy of human infectious diseases.

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Regulation of Cathelicidin Gene Expression: Induction by Lipopolysaccharide, Interleukin-6, Retinoic Acid, and Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Infection

Cited by 96 publications

References 50 publications

The effects of supplementing diets with <i>Atractylodes macrocephala</i> Koidz rhizomes on growth performance and immune function in piglets

The effects of supplementing diets with <i>Atractylodes macrocephala</i> Koidz rhizomes on growth performance and immune function in piglets

Differential antimicrobial peptide gene expression patterns during early chicken embryological development

Antimicrobial Peptide Resistance Mechanisms of Human Bacterial Pathogens

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