Regulation of appetite to treat obesity

Kim, Gilbert W.; Lin, Jieru E.; Valentino, Michael; Colon-Gonzalez, Francheska

doi:10.1586/ecp.11.3

Cited by 35 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 204 publications

(204 reference statements)

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“…GLP-1R is also expressed in neurons projecting both into and out of areas of the central nervous system, which are critical to energy balance regulation (Larhammar, 1996; Hahn et al, 1998; Inui, 1999; Chaudhri et al, 2006; Egan and Margolskee, 2008). Increased GLP-1 levels result into an anorexigenic effect with a significant appetite reduction for the subsequent meal (Furuse et al, 1997; Kim et al, 2011). …”

Section: Incretin Hormones and Incretin-based Therapies: Effects Beyomentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Glycemic Control in Diabetes Mellitus: Effects of Incretin-Based Therapies on Bone Metabolism

Ceccarelli¹,

Guarino²,

Merlotti³

et al. 2013

Front. Endocrinol.

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) and osteoporosis (OP) are common disorders with a significant health burden, and an increase in fracture risk has been described both in type 1 (T1DM) and in type 2 (T2DM) diabetes. The pathogenic mechanisms of impaired skeletal strength in diabetes remain to be clarified in details and they are only in part reflected by a variation in bone mineral density. In T2DM, the occurrence of low bone turnover together with a decreased osteoblast activity and compromised bone quality has been shown. Of note, some antidiabetic drugs (e.g., thiazolidinediones, insulin) may deeply affect bone metabolism. In addition, the recently introduced class of incretin-based drugs (i.e., GLP-1 receptor agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors) is expected to exert potentially beneficial effects on bone health, possibly due to a bone anabolic activity of GLP-1, that can be either direct or indirect through the involvement of thyroid C cells. Here we will review the established as well as the putative effects of incretin hormones and of incretin-based drugs on bone metabolism, both in preclinical models and in man, taking into account that such therapeutic strategy may be effective not only to achieve a good glycemic control, but also to improve bone health in diabetic patients.

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Section: Incretin Hormones and Incretin-based Therapies: Effects Beyomentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Glycemic Control in Diabetes Mellitus: Effects of Incretin-Based Therapies on Bone Metabolism

Ceccarelli¹,

Guarino²,

Merlotti³

et al. 2013

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…The preproghrelin gene is derived by post-translational processing, originating from endocrine cells in the stomach, and peptides include acyl ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and obestatin [27]. Some authors have demonstrated the expression of preproghrelin mRNA in the various human tissues, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of GPR39 Receptor and Ghrelin Receptor in Thyroid Tissues in Paediatric Patients with Immune and Non-Immune Thyroid Diseases

Bossowski

Czarnocka²,

Harasymczuk³

et al. 2013

Horm Res Paediatr

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The preproghrelin gene is responsible for generating ghrelin and obestatin, two gastric peptides with opposite effects on food intake. Obestatin suppresses food intake and digestive motility through interaction with GPR39 (GPCR). Ghrelin is supposed to be a link connecting metabolism and energy homeostasis with growth as the result of activation of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR).The aim of the current study was to assess the expression of preproghrelin, GPR39 and GHSR in thyroid tissues from patients with Graves' disease (GD; n = 15), non-toxic nodular goiter (NTNG; n = 10) and toxic nodular goiter (TNG; n = 10). GPR39 and GHSR in thyroid tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, revealing higher expression of both proteins in GD patients (+++; ++) in comparison with NTNG (+; +) and TNG (++; +) patients. GPR39 was present in thyroid autoimmune disease, NTNG and TNG at band p51 (kDa). The ghrelin receptor was identified in all study groups at p70. mRNA expression for preproghrelin was found in thyroid tissues from patients with immune and non-immune thyroid diseases. We conclude that the expression of the ghrelin receptor family in thyroid tissues may suggest a role of gastric peptides in thyroid functions. mRNA of preproghrelin expression is a proof of ghrelin gene-derived peptide presence in thyroid tissues.

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“…This effect could be explained by several effects of GLP-1 on the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as by its direct influence on taste receptors [84] and its hypothalamic action with increases in the action of anorectic neurons [85] . Incretins have a key role in the entero-insular axis to control the appetite and metabolism [1] .…”

Section: -Glp-1 and The Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2017

SF J Obesity Res

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Regulation of appetite to treat obesity

Cited by 35 publications

References 204 publications

Beyond Glycemic Control in Diabetes Mellitus: Effects of Incretin-Based Therapies on Bone Metabolism

Beyond Glycemic Control in Diabetes Mellitus: Effects of Incretin-Based Therapies on Bone Metabolism

Identification of GPR39 Receptor and Ghrelin Receptor in Thyroid Tissues in Paediatric Patients with Immune and Non-Immune Thyroid Diseases

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