“…[18][19][20] However, it is unclear how proteasome inhibitors block LT toxicity. Proteasomal degradation of protective factors, such as XIAP, controls cell death mediated by TNF-α or Trail, 21 and it is conceivable that protective factors are also targeted by proteasomes during LT killing of murine macrophages. The proteasome system, along with the lysosomal system, makes up the major cellular protein degradation machinery.…”