Regulation of adhesion molecule expression by human synovial microvascular endothelial cells in vitro

Abstract

Objective. To examine the in vitro expression of E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-I), ICAM-2, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-l), and platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1) by synovial microvascular endothelial cells (SMEC) in comparison with microvascular neonatal foreskin endothelial cells (FSE) and macrovascular human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVE).Methods. Cultured endothelial cells were treated for 4 hours with medium alone or tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa). The expression of endothelial adhesion molecules was evaluated by flow cytometry, cell enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, and Northern blot anaResults. SMEC continuously expressed E-selectin under basal culture conditions, whereas FSE and HUVE did not. TNFa treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) SMEC resulted in sustained peak expression of Eselectin for up to 24 hours, which subsequently declined but remained elevated even at 72 hours. In contrast, peak E-selectin expression in FSE and HUVE occurred between 4 hours and 16 hours after TNFa treatment and then declined to near basal levels by 24-48 hours. SMEC expressed significantly higher levels of ICAM-1 compared with HUVE under basal culture conditions.

Arterial stiffness and endothelial inflammation in prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes patients

“…Selectins are C type cell surface lectins playing a role in leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium of the vessel wall. CD62E (E-selectin) is an endothelial cell specific selectin expressed on cytokine induced endothelial cells, but only after a proinflammatory cytokine led activation (8,10). TNFalpha, IL1, and some bacterial components like lipopolysaccharides trigger the transcription of CD62E in an NFkB dependent signal cascade.…”

“…In healthy subjects, low levels of soluble e-selectin may be found in serum, but the levels increase in patients with an inflammatory condition. Higher concentrations of this marker is derived mainly from microcirculatory endothelium, so increased e-selectin levels reflect further microvascular endothelial dysfunction and is associated with cardiovascular disease (9,10).…”

Soluble P-selectin levels in synovial fluid and serum from patients with psoriatic arthritis

“…Infatti, è stato dimostrato che l'espressione della P-selettina preformata sulla superficie della membrana cellulare avviene entro un minuto dall'attivazione endoteliale (17) ed inoltre che l'inibizione o la perdita di questa molecola provocano, in numerosi modelli infiammatori, una significativa riduzione del rolling dei neutrofili (18). Nell'ambito delle malattie reumatiche infiammatorie croniche, il ruolo della P-selettina è stato indagato prevalentemente nei pazienti con AR: essa è espressa dalle cellule endoteliali dei vasi della MS sia in vitro che in vivo e livelli elevati della P-selettina solubile sono stati riscontrati nel LS dei pazienti (8,(19)(20). Nei soggetti con AP la MS dimostra un'ampia presenza di molecole di adesione, in particolare ICAM-1, V-CAM-1 ed E-selettina (10, 21), ma non è mai stata valutata l'espressione della P-selettina.…”

Current and Future Biological Treatments in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

“…The interaction between 4 7-integrin and MAdCAM-1 is important in mediating lymphocytes homing to the gut mucosa [12]. Leukocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) expressed on leukocytes interacts with intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), which is constitutively expressed at low levels on vascular endothelial cells and a subset of leukocytes, and they are up-regulated on many cell types in response to pro-inflammatory mediators [13].…”