Regulation and Properties of Bone Alkaline Phosphatase during Vitamin C Deficiency in Guinea Pigs

Mahmoodian, Fatemeh; Gosiewska, Anna; Peterkofsky, Beverly

doi:10.1006/abbi.1996.0535

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…In the present study, the increase in femoral collagen concentration after vitamin C is consistent with these earlier reports. Low vitamin C intake in the growing guinea pigs is associated with higher bone turnover (Mahmoodian et al, 1996). Dietary and endogenous antioxidants were consistently lower in osteoporotic than in control subjects (Maggio et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aroclor 1254 on femoral bone metabolism in adult male Wistar rats

et al. 2007

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aroclor 1254 on femoral bone metabolism in adult male Wistar rats

et al. 2007

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“…Thus, in vitamin C deficiency, collagen matrix production is essentially blocked. In vivo, both bone formation and osteoblast differentiation, as assessed by expression of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase mRNAs, are severely reduced in animals on vitamin-Cdeficient diets (Togari et al, 1995;Mahmoodian et al, 1996). This requirement is also seen in vitro, where AA is essential for differentiation and mineralization of primary osteoblast cultures and nontransformed osteoblast-like cell lines such as murine MC3T3-E1 cells (Gerstenfeld et al, 1987;Owen et al, 1990;Franceschi and Iyer, 1992;Ibaraki et al, 1992;Quarles et al, 1992;McCauley et al, 1996).…”

Section: Extracellular Matrix Regulation Of Osteoblast-specific Gene mentioning

confidence: 98%

The Developmental Control of Osteoblast-Specific Gene Expression: Role of Specific Transcription Factors and the Extracellular Matrix Environment

Franceschi

1999

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

252

174

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Bone formation is a carefully controlled developmental process involving morphogen-mediated patterning signals that define areas of initial mesenchyme condensation followed by induction of cell-specific differentiation programs to produce chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Positional information is conveyed via gradients of molecules, such as Sonic Hedgehog that are released from cells within a particular morphogenic field together with region-specific patterns of hox gene expression. These, in turn, regulate the localized production of bone morphogenetic proteins and related molecules which initiate chondrocyte-and osteoblast-specific differentiation programs. Differentiation requires the initial commitment of mesenchymal stem cells to a given lineage, followed by induction of tissue-specific patterns of gene expression. Considerable information about the control of osteoblast-specific gene expression has come from analysis of the promoter regions of genes encoding proteins like osteocalcin that are selectively expressed in bone. Both general and tissue-specific transcription factors control this promoter. Osf2/Cbfal, the first osteoblast-specific transcription factor to be identified, is expressed early in the osteoblast lineage and interacts with specific DNA sequences in the osteocalcin promoter essential for its selective expression in osteoblasts. The OSF2/CBFAI gene is necessary for the development of mineralized tissues, and its mutation causes the human disease, cleidocranial dysplasia. Committed osteoprogenitor cells already expressing Osf2/Cbfa 1 must synthesize a collagenous ECM before they will differentiate. A cell:ECM interaction mediated by integrin-type cell-surface receptors is essential for the induction of osteocalcin and other osteoblast-related proteins. This interaction stimulates the binding of Osf2/Cbfa 1 to the osteocalcin promoter through an as-yet-undefined mechanism.

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“…5(f)) with females more affected than males at the same dose (145 mg/kg p = 0.007, 130 mg/kg not significant). Alkaline phosphatase is a test in which elevated levels indicate poor liver function, but lowered blood levels may be a sign of vitamin C deficiency (Mahmoodian et al, 1996) or possibly of stress (Degkwitz, 1982). Since, like humans, guinea pigs do not manufacture vitamin C, it is necessary to supply it through their diet.…”

Section: Sex-related Differences In Response To Gentamicinmentioning

confidence: 99%