Regulating the balance between symmetric and asymmetric stem cell division in the developing brain

Egger, Boris; Gold, Katrina S.; Brand, Andrea H.

doi:10.4161/fly.5.3.15640

Cited by 58 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…By contrast, Delta, one of the key activating ligands of Notch signaling in the OPC, shows elevated expression in these NE cells. Strong expression of Notch target genes, such as the Enhancer of Split (E(spl)) family member mg, indicates that Delta activates Notch signaling in immediately adjacent lateral NE cells (also defined as progenitors PI) Egger et al, 2011). In L'sc expressing NE cells, high levels of Delta have been proposed to attenuate Notch signaling by cell-autonomous cis-inhibition (Egger et al, 2010;Reddy et al, 2010;Weng et al, 2012).…”

Section: Coordinated Actions Of Notch Egfr Jak/stat and Hippo/fat mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Challenge of Numbers and Diversity: Neurogenesis in theDrosophilaOptic Lobe

Apitz¹,

Salecker²

2014

Journal of Neurogenetics

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The brain areas that endow insects with the ability to see consist of remarkably complex neural circuits. Reiterated arrays of many diverse neuron subtypes are assembled into modular yet coherent functional retinotopic maps. Tremendous progress in developing genetic tools and cellular markers over the past years advanced our understanding of the mechanisms that control the stepwise production and differentiation of neurons in the visual system of Drosophila melanogaster. The postembryonic optic lobe utilizes at least two modes of neurogenesis that are distinct from other parts of the fly central nervous system. In the first optic ganglion, the lamina, neuroepithelial cells give rise to precursor cells, whose proliferation and differentiation depend on anterograde signals from photoreceptor axons. In the second optic ganglion, the medulla, the coordinated activity of four signaling pathways orchestrates the gradual conversion of neuroepithelial cells into neuroblasts, while a specific cascade of temporal identity transcription factors controls subtype diversification of their progeny.

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Section: Coordinated Actions Of Notch Egfr Jak/stat and Hippo/fat mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Challenge of Numbers and Diversity: Neurogenesis in theDrosophilaOptic Lobe

Apitz¹,

Salecker²

2014

Journal of Neurogenetics

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“…In the neural tube, neuroepithelial cells are capable of proliferating actively and symmetrically to increase their population (Egger et al, 2011;Tawk et al, 2007). As development continues, these cells begin to experience asymmetrical divisions, which lead to the generation of the first neuroblasts and basal progenitors, initiating the embryonic neurogenesis process (Haubensak et al, 2004;Kriegstein and Alvarez-Buylla, 2009).…”

Section: Stem Cells During Brain Development and Adult Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Typical and atypical stem cells in the brain, vitamin C effect and neuropathology

Nualart¹,

Salazar²,

Oyarce³

et al. 2012

Biol. Res.

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Stem cells are considered a valuable cellular resource for tissue replacement therapies in most brain disorders. Stem cells have the ability to self-replicate and diff erentiate into numerous cell types, including neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. As a result, stem cells have been considered the "holy grail" of modern medical neuroscience. Despite their tremendous therapeutic potential, little is known about the mechanisms that regulate their diff erentiation. In this review, we analyze stem cells in embryonic and adult brains, and illustrate the diff erentiation pathways that give origin to most brain cells. We also evaluate the emergent role of the well known anti-oxidant, vitamin C, in stem cell diff erentiation. We believe that a complete understanding of all molecular players, including vitamin C, in stem cell diff erentiation will positively impact on the use of stem cell transplantation for neurodegenerative diseases.

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“…For example, Notch has been shown to be active in the neuroepithelium at low or null levels (Wang et al, 2011;Weng et al, 2012;Yasugi et al, 2010) or in a 'salt and pepper' pattern (Egger et al, 2011). Weak or no activity of Notch in NBs has also been reported (Egger et al, 2010;Yasugi et al, 2010), as well as a high activation (Ngo et al, 2010;Weng et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Serrate-Notch-Canoe complex mediates glial-neuroepithelial cell interactions essential during Drosophila optic lobe development

Pérez-Gómez

Slováková

Rives-Quinto

et al. 2013

Journal of Cell Science

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It is firmly established that neuron-glia interactions are fundamental across species for the correct establishment of a functional brain. Here, we found that the glia of the Drosophila larval brain display an essential non-autonomous role during the development of the optic lobe. The optic lobe develops from neuroepithelial cells that proliferate by dividing symmetrically until they switch to asymmetric/differentiative divisions generating neuroblasts. The proneural gene lethal of scute (l'sc) is transiently activated by the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)/Ras signal transduction pathway at the leading edge of a proneural wave that sweeps from medial to lateral neuroepithelium promoting this switch. This process is tightly regulated by the tissue-autonomous function within the neuroepithelium of multiple signaling pathways, including EGFR/Ras and Notch. This study shows that the Notch ligand Serrate (Ser) is expressed in the glia and it forms a complex in vivo with Notch and Canoe, which colocalize at the adherens junctions of neuroepithelial cells. This complex is crucial for glial-neuroepithelial cell interactions during optic lobe development. Ser is tissue-autonomously required in the glia where it activates Notch to regulate its proliferation, and non-autonomously in the neuroepithelium where Ser induces Notch signaling to avoid the premature activation of the EGFR/Ras pathway and hence of L'sc. Interestingly, different Notch activity reporters showed very different expression patterns in the glia and in the neuroepithelium, suggesting the existence of tissue-specific factors that promote the expression of particular Notch target genes or/and a reporter response dependent on different thresholds of Notch signaling.

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Regulating the balance between symmetric and asymmetric stem cell division in the developing brain

Cited by 58 publications

References 39 publications

A Challenge of Numbers and Diversity: Neurogenesis in theDrosophilaOptic Lobe

A Challenge of Numbers and Diversity: Neurogenesis in theDrosophilaOptic Lobe

Typical and atypical stem cells in the brain, vitamin C effect and neuropathology

A Serrate-Notch-Canoe complex mediates glial-neuroepithelial cell interactions essential during Drosophila optic lobe development

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