Regulating Personal Data Usage in COVID-19 Control Conditions

Findlay, Mark; Remolina, Nydia

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3607706

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In the case of COVID-19, such information has been utilized for contact tracing or controlling population access to public spaces. In addition, a clear protocol for the management of secondary data is necessary to guarantee a balance between privacy and the usefulness of data [ 24 ]. Personal protection is important, and includes mechanisms for identity protection, protection against discrimination, understanding how personal data are used, and informed consent prior to data collection, particularly if the information collected can reveal information related to the health of the individual or their family [ 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, technology has enabled sectors to conduct extraordinary functions in the context of a pandemic beyond national jurisdiction. For example, governments and private entities have implemented efficient surveillance, reporting, or contact tracing through artificial intelligence other technologies that aggregate and share large-scale data; mapping disease spread for community protection [ 24 ]. However, in adopting ICT measures, careful considerations must be made to ensure digital tools are inclusive to all members of the community.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reflection of Challenges and Opportunities within the COVID-19 Pandemic to Include Biological Hazards into DRR Planning

Chan

Dubois

Fong³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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COVID-19 has reinforced the need to revisit the integration of health within disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies for biological hazards in a system-wide approach. In November 2020, DRR experts attended the Asia-Pacific Partnership for Disaster Risk Reduction (APP-DRR) Forum to share progress and learnings in the areas of health system resilience, data management, residual risk management, risk communication, digital literacy, and knowledge product marketing. Advancements for health in DRR included the importance of multi-sectoral, multi-hazard action plans; adaptation to technological advancements in data collection, dissemination and protection; promoting the health and wellbeing of essential and nonprofessional workers; and improving inclusivity in digital literacy. COVID-19 has affected progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and created a unique opportunity within DRR to re-evaluate the adequacy of response mechanisms against concurrent, cascading or interacting risks of future biological hazards. Health emergency disaster risk management (Health-EDRM) is a new World Health Organization paradigm that includes DRR at intra-, inter- and multidisciplinary levels. Scientific advancement under Health-EDRM is necessary for health and non-health actors in DRR education and research. Continuous education on the multifaceted risk governance is a key to building awareness, capacity and accelerating towards achieving the international DRR and the SDG targets.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflection of Challenges and Opportunities within the COVID-19 Pandemic to Include Biological Hazards into DRR Planning

Chan

Dubois

Fong³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Other effects are not as immediately obvious, such as the increased surveillance of protestors when there are prohibitions on social gatherings (Churches & Zalnieriute 2020) or the exacerbation of harmful online behavior, such as cyberbullying (Karmakar & Das 2021). The two categories are not completely distinct, as many researchers point to the need to assess the impacts of surveillance broadly (Butler & Zhou 2021, Daskal 2020, Findlay & Remolina 2020, Kampmark 2020, Li 2021, McCall et al 2021.…”

Section: Data and The Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and the Data Governance Gap

Austin

2023

Annu. Rev. Law. Soc. Sci.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted many complexities involved in using data and advanced technologies to help resolve public health emergencies. These complexities highlight the need to embrace a broader framework of data governance with three foundational questions: ( a) who decides about data flows, ( b) on what basis, and ( c) with what accountability and oversight. These questions can accommodate the issues that have arisen in the literature regarding new types of data harms. However, these questions also foreground important issues of power, authority, and legitimacy. Data governance can provide an organizing normative framework to address emerging data themes including access to data, collective decision making, data intermediaries, data sovereignty, design and digital infrastructure, regulatory technologies, the rule of law, and social trust and license. The pandemic experience with contact tracing apps, in particular, showed the many unresolved governance challenges. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Law and Social Science, Volume 19 is October 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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“…If solidarity is understood as a moral value, this moral value can be used in different discussions concerning CTA. It can be used when discussing or evaluating the development of CTA (28,75,80,(93)(94)(95), their implementation, i.e., their introduction into a society (95-100), or the organizational (101) or ethical (99, 102-106) framework of CTA. It can be used when individuals question themselves about whether to use CTA (107) or when individuals reflect on whether and how others use CTA (108).…”

Section: Basic Concepts Of Solidaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a moral value, solidarity can consider decisions about CTA-concerning their development, implementation into a society, or individual use-from an ex-ante perspective. Solidarity can guide or reflect the development of CTA morally (101,106) and can prevent CTA from having negative impacts on their users (e.g., due to improper development) (75,80,93). Solidarity as a moral value can guide the introduction of CTA into a society morally (95,98,99,104,109), it can also motivate individuals to use CTA (72,94,107), and contribute to their public acceptance (110).…”

Section: Temporal Relations Between Solidarity and Contact Tracing Appsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How is “solidarity” understood in discussions about contact tracing apps? An overview

Tretter

2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundIn the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is much discussion about contact tracing apps, their use to contain the spread of the virus as well as the ethical, legal, and social aspects of their development, implementation, acceptance, and use. In these discussions, authors frequently mention “solidarity” when making key points in arguments. At the same time, authors rarely specify how they understand “solidarity”. This lack of specification about how they understand “solidarity” can lead to misunderstandings in discussions.ObjectiveTo prevent such misunderstandings, it is important to specify how one understands “solidarity” when mentioning it in the discussions on contact tracing apps. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to elaborate how “solidarity” is understood in the context of contact tracing apps, i.e., how different authors understand “solidarity” when using it in discussions about these apps.MethodsIn order to find out how different authors understand “solidarity” when discussing contact tracing apps, I conduct a literature review. I collect papers from several databases, inductively work out central differences and similarities between the different uses of “solidarity”, and use them to code and analyze relevant passages.ResultsIn the final sample, five different understandings of “solidarity” in the context of contact tracing apps can be identified. These understandings differ in how different authors (1) imagine the basic concept of solidarity, i.e., what “solidarity” refers to, (2) how they temporally relate solidarity to contact tracing apps, and (3) how they perceive the causal interactions between solidarity and contact tracing apps, i.e., the different ways in which solidarity and contact tracing apps influence each other.ConclusionsThe five understandings of “solidarity” in the context of contact tracing apps presented here can serve as guidance for how “solidarity” can be understood in discussions—thus contributing to a better mutual understanding and preventing communicative misunderstandings.

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Regulating Personal Data Usage in COVID-19 Control Conditions

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Reflection of Challenges and Opportunities within the COVID-19 Pandemic to Include Biological Hazards into DRR Planning

Reflection of Challenges and Opportunities within the COVID-19 Pandemic to Include Biological Hazards into DRR Planning

COVID-19 and the Data Governance Gap

How is “solidarity” understood in discussions about contact tracing apps? An overview

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