Regulating Enzymatic Antioxidants, Biochemical and Physiological Properties of Tomato under Cold Stress: A Crucial Role of Ethylene

Abstract

The production of tomato under low-temperature stress in the open fields is a challenge faced by many farmers. The current study compares the use of different ethylene treatments to accelerate the fruit ripening of tomato during two successive seasons under cold stress. The treatments included foliar application of ethrel (2500, 5000, and 7500 ppm) in the open field at the mature green stage, dipping collected fruits in ethrel solution (1000, 1500, and 2000 ppm) right after harvest, and application of gaseous ethylene (100, 200, and 300 ppm) to the harvested fruits. The effects were compared to untreated fruits (control). Characteristics, such as physical properties (ripening, weight loss, firmness, decay, and fruit color), chemical properties (ascorbic acid, acidity, total soluble sugars, and pigments), and enzymatic activities (polygalacturonase and pectin methylesterase), were sampled throughout the storage period. In general, the ethylene gas application was the most effective method in accelerating the fruit ripening process compared to the other methods applied. The highest vitamin C total soluble solid contents and redness parameters were found after applying the highest dose of ethylene gas (300 ppm). This indicates that the ripening of tomato fruits, which are cultivated under cold stress conditions as found during the early summer season in a Mediterranean climate, might be harvested at a mature green stage and exposed to ethylene application.

Suatu Ulasan Mengenai Antioksidan, Sifat Fizikokimia, Manfaat Kesihatan, dan Pengendalian Selepas Tuai Tomato Ceri

“…Kadar respirasi yang rendah dikaitkan dengan kandungan antioksidan yang tinggi dan jangka hayat tomato ceri yang lebih lama (Domínguez et al 2016) Hormon tumbuhan memainkan peranan penting dalam mengawal pelbagai proses fisiologi dalam tomato ceri termasuk percambahan biji, pertumbuhan, berbunga dan perkembangan buah. Hormon yang terlibat dalam fisiologi tomato ceri termasuk auksin, sitokinin, giberelin, asid absisik, etilena dan brassinosteroid (Bayoumi et al 2023). Hormon ini berinteraksi antara satu sama lain dan bertindak balas terhadap rangsangan persekitaran untuk mengawal selia pembahagian sel, pemanjangan sel dan kematangan buah.…”

“…Tomato ceri juga dikenali untuk mencegah dan menyahaktifkan radikal bebas atau spesies oksigen reaktif dan boleh bertindak sebagai penghapus berkesan superoksida, hidrogen peroksida, oksigen singlet dan radikal bebas lain (Bayoumi et al 2023). Oleh itu, disyorkan untuk mengambil kira-kira 100 g buah tomato ceri setiap hari untuk meningkatkan sistem imun, menurunkan kolesterol dan mengurangkan tekanan darah (Kuscu et al 2014).…”

“…Tomato ceri sangat sesuai untuk ditanam di rumah dan pertanian bandar kerana saiznya yang padat dan produktiviti yang tinggi. Tomato ceri boleh ditanam dalam bekas atau ruang taman kecil, menjadikannya boleh ditanam oleh individu yang mempunyai ruang tanaman yang terhad (Bayoumi et al 2023). Tempoh masa pertumbuhan tomato ceri yang agak singkat membolehkan penuaian berulang beberapa kali sepanjang tahun.…”