Regularities of cadmium accumulation by red currant (<i>Ribes rubrum</i> L.) varieties on soddy-podzolic soils adjacent to megapolis Moscow

Abstract

The article studies the regularities of cadmium (Cd) accumulation by red currant (Ribes rubrum L.) plant varieties grown on soddy-podzolic soils adjacent to the metropolis of Moscow, containing 0.26-1.02 mg/kg of mobile Cd. The researches were carried out in collection plantations of the Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery (Moscow region), including varieties of different ecological and geographical origin: 9 red (Valentinovka, Viksne, Gazelle, Konstantinovskaya, Nadezhda, Niva, Rachnovskaya, Serpantin, Jonkheer Van Tets), 2 pink (Gollandskaya Rozovaya, Lydia) and 2 white (Belaya Feya, Blanca) currant varieties. The agrochemical properties of soils, the content of mobile Cd in the soil, and its content in the fruits and leaves of plants were determined. The agrochemical properties of soils, the content of mobile Cd in the soil, in the fruits and leaves of plants were determined. The coefficients of Cd assimilation by the fruits and leaves of red currant plants were calculated, the statistical dependences of the Cd accumulation parameters on the agrochemical properties of soddy-podzolic soils at different depths of the root layer were determined. Regression dependences of Cd accumulation in fruits and leaves of red currant on parameters of agrochemical properties of the soil and the content of mobile Cd in the soil were constructed. It has been established that when grown on cultivated soddy-podzolic loamy soil with a mobile Cd content of 0.26-1.02 mg/kg in the root layers of the soil, red currant varieties Belaya Feya, Blanca, Valentinovka, Viksne, Gazelle, Konstantinovskaya, Lydia, Rachnovskaya, Serpantin, Jonkheer Van Tets are more resistant to soil contamination with Cd compared to varieties Gollandskaya Rozovaya, Nadezhda, Niva. At the same time, the content of Cd in the leaves of red currant, depending on the variety, is 2-3 times higher than its content in fruits. The regression models indicated a closer dependence on the parametrs of the agrochemical properties of the soil and the Cd content in it of the values of Cd accumulation in fruits than in leaves. The assimilation of Cd by the fruits of red currant plants when cultivated on cultivated soddy-podzolic soils with a mobile Cd content of 0.26-1.02 mg/kg depended on the varietal barrier properties of plants, the content of mobile Cd in it, and also on the mobility of Cd, which depends, in first of all, from the acidity and availability of the soil with alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen.