Regular Exercise Results in Systemic Adaptation Against Oxidative Stress

Radák, Zsolt; Hart, Nikolett; Marton, Orsolya; Koltai, Erika

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-30018-9_166

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In physically trained individuals, OS becomes smaller both at rest and during acute PE when compared with sedentary individuals ( Venditti et al, 1999 ). Further, the hormetic effect of chronic PE ( Radak et al, 2014 ; Margaritelis et al, 2018 ; Aguiar et al, 2021 ) is an efficient tool to promote improvement in EAS, especially in susceptible individuals to a greater situation of OS such as obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) or with cardiovascular disease ( Radak et al, 2014 ; de Sousa et al, 2016 ). Even in healthy individuals, chronic PE (especially aerobic types) leads to redox system adaptations that decrease OS levels ( Margaritelis et al, 2018 ; Aguiar et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Potential Role Of Chronic Physical Exercise On Vitiligo Deve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Role Of Chronic Physical Exercise On Redox System ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…↑, increase; ↓, decrease; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; CAT, catalase; EAS, endogenous antioxidant system; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; HSP, heat shock protein; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HSP, heat shock protein; IFN, interferon; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; IL, interleukin; LP, lipid peroxidation; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; MetS, metabolic syndrome; Nrf2-ARE/HO-1, Nuclear Factor E2 related to Factor 2-antioxidant/heme oxygenase 1 response element; ROS/RNS, reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species; SOD, superoxide dismutase; TNF, tumor necrose factor; Tregs, regulatory T cells; TrxR, thioredoxin reductase. such as obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) or with cardiovascular disease (Radak et al, 2014;de Sousa et al, 2016). Even in healthy individuals, chronic PE (especially aerobic types) leads to redox system adaptations that decrease OS levels (Margaritelis et al, 2018;Aguiar et al, 2021).…”

Section: Mitochondrial Structure and Function Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Role of Chronic Physical Exercise as a Treatment in the Development of Vitiligo

et al. 2022

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Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive skin depigmentation and the appearance of white patches throughout the body caused by significant apoptosis of epidermal melanocytes. Despite not causing any physical pain, vitiligo can originate several psychosocial disorders, drastically reducing patients’ quality of life. Emerging evidence has shown that vitiligo is associated with several genetic polymorphisms related to auto-reactivity from the immune system to melanocytes. Melanocytes from vitiligo patients suffer from excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by defective mitochondria besides a poor endogenous antioxidant system (EAS). This redox imbalance results in dramatic melanocyte oxidative stress (OS), causing significant damage in proteins, lipid membranes, and DNA. The damaged melanocytes secret damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs), inducing and increasing inflammatory gene expression response that ultimately leads to melanocytes apoptosis. Vitiligo severity has been also associated with increasing the prevalence and incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) or associated disorders such as insulin resistance and hypercholesterolemia. Thus, suggesting that in genetically predisposed individuals, the environmental context that triggers MetS (i.e., sedentary lifestyle) may also be an important trigger for the development and severity of vitiligo disease. This paper will discuss the relationship between the immune system and epidermal melanocytes and their interplay with the redox system. Based on state-of-the-art evidence from the vitiligo research, physical exercise (PE) immunology, and redox system literature, we will also propose chronic PE as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat and prevent vitiligo disease progression. We will present evidence that chronic PE can change the balance of inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state, improve both EAS and the mitochondrial structure and function (resulting in the decrease of OS). Finally, we will highlight clinically relevant markers that can be analyzed in a new research avenue to test the potential applicability of chronic PE in vitiligo disease.

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Section: Potential Role Of Chronic Physical Exercise On Vitiligo Deve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Role Of Chronic Physical Exercise On Redox System ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mitochondrial Structure and Function Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential Role of Chronic Physical Exercise as a Treatment in the Development of Vitiligo

et al. 2022

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“…27,28 It is hypothesized that the effect of exercise on BDNF is an adaptive response to low-level stressors; exposure to mildly harmful stimuli (eg, reactive oxygen species generated by aerobic metabolism) may be triggering a protective response. 29 Instead of administering exogenous BDNF, then, it may be possible to increase BDNF levels—and thereby offset DNA damage—through exercise.…”

Section: Exercise and Bdnf In Neuronal Dna Damage Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise as Gene Therapy

Schmidt

Nickerson

Boatright³

2016

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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DNA damage is a common feature of neurodegenerative illnesses, and the ability to repair DNA strand breaks and lesions is crucial for neuronal survival (see Jeppesen et al1 and Shiwaku et al2 for reviews). Interventions aimed at repairing these lesions, therefore, could be useful for preventing or delaying the progression of disease. One potential strategy for promoting DNA damage repair (DDR) is exercise. Though the role of exercise in DDR is not understood, there is increasing evidence that simple physical activity may impact clinical outcomes for neurodegeneration. Here we discuss what is currently known about the molecular mechanisms of BDNF and how these mechanisms might influence the DDR process.

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“…The production of free radicals increases from the fourth decade of life onwards, and the amount of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) decreases (1). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) lead to oxidative damage in lipid membranes and DNA through programmed cell death (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of resistance training and creatine supplementation on oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, muscle strength, and quality of life in older adults

Amiri

Sheikholeslami-Vatani

2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of resistance training (RT) with creatine monohydrate supplementation (CS) on serum levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in older adults.ObjectivesThis study evaluated the effect of resistance training with creatine monohydrate supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant defense, muscle strength and quality of life in older adults.MethodsWe examined 45 non-athlete volunteer older men and women (mean, 68.1 ± 7.2 years old), were randomly selected and divided into three groups of 15: RT with creatine supplementation (RT + CS), RT with placebo (RT + P) and control group. RT protocol was performed for 10 weeks, three sessions per week. Creatine supplement was taken daily at a dose of 0.1 g/kg of body weight, while the placebo group consumed the same amount of starch. Fasting blood samples were taken before the start of program and at the end of the RT period.ResultsIn the training groups, after 10 weeks of RT, a significant decrease in MDA and 8 - OHDG as well as a significant increase in serum levels of GPX and TAC were observed (in all cases, p = 0.001). In addition, creatinine levels were enhanced in the RT + CS (p = 0.014). Training intervention also improved quality of life and muscle strength in the experimental groups (p = 0.001), although muscle strength changes were more visible in the RT + CS group than in the RT + P group (p < 0/05).ConclusionRegular resistance training can be recommended as a very suitable non-pharmacological approach to strengthen the body’s antioxidant system, muscle strength and quality of life in older adults. There are no definite findings on the role of creatine on the antioxidant system and quality of life in older adults, but the use of this supplement in addition to RT can double the amount of strength gained from resistance training.

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Regular Exercise Results in Systemic Adaptation Against Oxidative Stress

Cited by 4 publications

References 89 publications

Potential Role of Chronic Physical Exercise as a Treatment in the Development of Vitiligo

Potential Role of Chronic Physical Exercise as a Treatment in the Development of Vitiligo

Exercise as Gene Therapy

The role of resistance training and creatine supplementation on oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, muscle strength, and quality of life in older adults

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