Regular and booster vaccination with inactivated vaccines enhance the neutralizing activity against Omicron variant both in the breakthrough infections and vaccinees

Yang, Yang; Gong, Xiaowei; Yang, Liuqing; Li, Jie; Zhang, Jiaqi; Wei, Lanlan; Ye, Guoguo; Tang, Yimin; Jiang, Yujing; Li, Jianhuan; Lin, Yuanlong; Wang, Fuxiang; Lu, Hongzhou; Liu, Yingxia

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2022.01.004

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Recently, other groups have reported similar results of a large (eg, 22-fold 30 or 23-fold 39 ) reduction in the neutralization of the Omicron variant compared with the ancestral virus induced by vaccine or previous infection, and our results reflected these reports despite our use of a different neutralization method based on 100% inhibition criteria. 28 , 29 , 30 , 39 , 40 , 41 At 7 months after 2 doses of the vaccine, that tendency was even more pronounced, with only 6% of the participants showing neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron variant, suggesting a high risk of breakthrough infection or reinfection. This finding was consistent with a recent report in which serum samples showed that the vaccine barely inhibited the Omicron variant at 5 months after 2 doses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Neutralizing Antibody Response Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants After 2 to 3 Doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine

et al. 2022

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Key Points Question Are neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 sufficiently induced after 2 to 3 doses of the BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine in recipients of different ages? Findings In this cohort study of 82 Japanese participants, 28% and 6% had neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron variant at 2 and 7 months, respectively, after 2 doses of the vaccine; both titer values were low in all age groups. After receiving a booster vaccination, all participants acquired much higher levels of neutralizing antibodies irrespective of age. Meaning This study suggests that booster vaccination was associated with induction of higher levels of neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron variant, irrespective of the recipient’s age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Neutralizing Antibody Response Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants After 2 to 3 Doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine

et al. 2022

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“…The SARS-CoV-2 Beta (B.1.351, SARS_CoV-2_human_CHN_20SF18530_2020, Accession ID on GWH: WHBDSE01000000) and Delta (B.1.617.2, GDPCC 2.00096) variants were isolated from patients with COVID-19 admitted in the Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital by Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province ( 62 ). The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) was isolated from a patient with COVID-19 admitted to the Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital ( 63 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The adenosine analog prodrug ATV006 is orally bioavailable and has preclinical efficacy against parental SARS-CoV-2 and variants

Cao

Yang

et al. 2022

Sci. Transl. Med.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus driving the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, continues to rapidly evolve. Due to the limited efficacy of vaccination in prevention of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and continuous emergence of variants of concern (VOC), orally bioavailable and broadly efficacious antiviral drugs are urgently needed. Previously we showed that the parent nucleoside of remdesivir, GS-441524, possesses potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. Herein, we report that esterification of the 5′-hydroxyl moieties of GS-441524 markedly improved antiviral potency. This 5′-hydroxyl-isobutyryl prodrug, ATV006, demonstrated excellent oral bioavailability in rats and cynomolgus monkeys and exhibited potent antiviral efficacy against different SARS-CoV-2 VOCs in vitro and in three mouse models. Oral administration of ATV006 reduced viral loads and alleviated lung damage when administered prophylactically and therapeutically to K18-hACE2 mice challenged with the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2. These data indicate that ATV006 represents a promising oral antiviral drug candidate for SARS-CoV-2.

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“…Although the efficiency of vaccination could be decreased over time, some studies have shown that both inactivated vaccines and mRNA vaccine booster significantly increased the neutralization titers to wild-type virus and other variants, restored efficiency of vaccine and reduced virus transmission [30,36,[63][64][65].…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Vaccine Booster Against Vocsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recipients of COVID-19 vaccines face challenges of SARS-CoV-2 variants

Li¹,

Luo²

2022

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has been rampant since 2019, severely affecting global public health, and causing 5.75 million deaths worldwide. So far, many vaccines have been developed to prevent the infection of SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, the emergence of new variants may threat vaccine recipients as they might evade immunological surveillance that depends on the using of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody to neutralize the viral particles. Recent studies have found that recipients who received two doses of vaccination plus an additional booster shoot were able to quickly elevate neutralization response and immune response against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 virus and some initially appeared viral variants. In this review, we assessed the real-world effectiveness of different COVID-19 vaccines by population studies and neutralization assays and compared neutralization responses of booster vaccines in vitro. Finally, as the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine is expected to decline over time, continued vaccination should be considered to achieve a long-term immune protection against coronavirus.

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Regular and booster vaccination with inactivated vaccines enhance the neutralizing activity against Omicron variant both in the breakthrough infections and vaccinees

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Assessment of Neutralizing Antibody Response Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants After 2 to 3 Doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine

Assessment of Neutralizing Antibody Response Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants After 2 to 3 Doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine

The adenosine analog prodrug ATV006 is orally bioavailable and has preclinical efficacy against parental SARS-CoV-2 and variants

Recipients of COVID-19 vaccines face challenges of SARS-CoV-2 variants

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