Regular aerobic exercise increases dispositional mindfulness in men: A randomized controlled trial

Mothes, Hendrik; Klaperski, Sandra; Seelig, Harald; Schmidt, Stefan; Fuchs, Reinhard

doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2014.02.003

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…For example, there is evidence that exercise, such as included in HEP, may have an impact on what we measure as mindfulness. Mothes et al [67] demonstrated that regular aerobic exercise can increase measures of dispositional mindfulness, using the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale [68]. Such findings point to the importance of refining our definitions of mindfulness and being aware of how well they match the sample being investigated [69] ; i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression

Eisendrath

Gillung²,

Delucchi³

et al. 2016

Psychother Psychosom

134

102

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Background: Due to the clinical challenges of treatment-resistant depression (TRD), we evaluated the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) relative to a structurally equivalent active comparison condition as adjuncts to treatment-as-usual (TAU) pharmacotherapy in TRD. Methods: This single-site, randomized controlled trial compared 8-week courses of MBCT and the Health Enhancement Program (HEP), comprising physical fitness, music therapy and nutritional education, as adjuncts to TAU pharmacotherapy for outpatient adults with TRD. The primary outcome was change in depression severity, measured by percent reduction in the total score on the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D₁₇), with secondary depression indicators of treatment response and remission. Results: We enrolled 173 adults; mean length of a current depressive episode was 6.8 years (SD = 8.9). At the end of 8 weeks of treatment, a multivariate analysis showed that relative to the HEP condition, the MBCT condition was associated with a significantly greater mean percent reduction in the HAM-D₁₇ (36.6 vs. 25.3%; p = 0.01) and a significantly higher rate of treatment responders (30.3 vs. 15.3%; p = 0.03). Although numerically superior for MBCT than for HEP, the rates of remission did not significantly differ between treatments (22.4 vs. 13.9%; p = 0.15). In these models, state anxiety, perceived stress and the presence of personality disorder had adverse effects on outcomes. Conclusions: MBCT significantly decreased depression severity and improved treatment response rates at 8 weeks but not remission rates. MBCT appears to be a viable adjunct in the management of TRD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression

Eisendrath

Gillung²,

Delucchi³

et al. 2016

Psychother Psychosom

134

102

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“…Higher state mindfulness during physical activity should result in higher satisfaction with physical activity and thus reinforce physical activity (Tsafou et al, 2016;Tsafou, Lacroix, van Ee, Vinkers, & De Ridder, 2017). It may also be that physical activity increases trait mindfulness (Mothes, Klaperski, Seelig, Schmidt, & Fuchs, 2014;Shelov, Suchday, & Friedberg, 2009). Finally, mindfulness may influence the relation between motivation to engage in physical activity and physical activity behaviour (Brown & Ryan, 2003;Ryan & Deci, 1985).…”

Section: Behavioural Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait mindfulness and health behaviours: a meta-analysis

Sala

Rochefort

Lui

et al. 2019

Health Psychology Review

101

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Mindfulness is defined as bringing one's attention to present-moment experience with acceptance, and is associated with engagement in various health behaviours. To synthesise and evaluate this literature, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analytic review and examined (a) the associations between trait mindfulness and health behaviours and (b) the extent to which these associations were moderated by study and individual differences. A total of 125 independent samples were included (N = 31,697, median male percentage = 38.8%, median age = 28.3). A multilevel random-effects model was used to estimate summary study-level effect sizes, and multilevel mixed-effects models were used to examine moderator effects. Mindfulness had a positive and small association with aggregated health behaviours (r = .08). Mindfulness was positively associated with physical activity, healthy eating, and sleep (rs = .08-.14), and negatively associated with alcohol use (r = −.06). Effects were larger for health promoting behaviours, the acting with awareness facet of mindfulness, and samples involving psychiatric patients. Although findings indicate that individual differences in trait mindfulness do not reliably translate into a pattern of healthful behaviours in general, trait mindfulness shows a stronger associations with health behaviours under certain conditions.

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“…Regular physical exercise decreases symptoms of anxiety and depression (Conn 2010a; Conn 2010b; McDonald and Hodgdon 1991), as well as psychological stress and anger (Hassmén et al 2000); counters an over reactive stress-response system; and reduces rumination (Mothes et al 2014). Physical exercise gives energy and at the same time promotes relaxation and better sleep (DiLorenzo et al 1999; Youngstedt et al 1997), boosts the immune system (LaPerriere et al 1990), and enhances cognitive and executive functioning as well as positive affect (Reed and Buck 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindful2Work: Effects of Combined Physical Exercise, Yoga, and Mindfulness Meditations for Stress Relieve in Employees. A Proof of Concept Study

et al. 2016

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Work-related stress and associated illness and burnout is rising in western society, with now as much as almost a quarter of European and half of USA’s employees estimated to be at the point of burnout. Mindfulness meditation, yoga, and physical exercise have all shown beneficial effects for work-related stress and illness. This proof of concept study assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of the newly developed Mindful2Work training, a combination of physical exercise, restorative yoga, and mindfulness meditations, delivered in six weekly group sessions plus a follow-up session. Participants (n = 26, four males), referred by company doctors with (work-related) stress and burnout complaints, completed measurements pre and post the intervention, as well as at 6-week (FU1) and 6-month (FU2) follow-up. Results showed very high feasibility and acceptability of the Mindful2Work training. The training and trainers were rated with an 8.1 and 8.4 on a 1–10 scale, respectively, and training dropout rate was zero. Significant improvements with (very) large effect sizes were demonstrated for the primary outcome measures of physical and mental workability, and for anxiety, depression, stress, sleep quality, positive and negative affect, which remained (very) large and mostly increased further over time. Risk for long-term dropout from work (checklist individual strength [CIS]) was 92 % at pre-test, reduced to 67 % at post-test, to 44 % at FU1, and 35 % at FU2, whereas employees worked (RTWI) 65 % of their contract hours per week at pre-test, which increased to 73 % at post-test, 81 % at FU1 and 93 % at FU2. Intensity of home practice or number of attended sessions were not related to training effects. To conclude, the newly developed Mindful2Work training seems very feasible, and acceptable, and although no control group was included, the large effects of Mindful2Work are highly promising.

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Regular aerobic exercise increases dispositional mindfulness in men: A randomized controlled trial

Cited by 45 publications

References 50 publications

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression

Trait mindfulness and health behaviours: a meta-analysis

Mindful2Work: Effects of Combined Physical Exercise, Yoga, and Mindfulness Meditations for Stress Relieve in Employees. A Proof of Concept Study

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