Regressive experiences in Vietnam veterans: Their relationship to war, post-traumatic symptoms and recovery

Brende, Joel Osler; McCann, I. Lisa

doi:10.1007/bf00956736

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Characterological and identity disturbances often observed in veterans with PTSD have been described from a psychodynamic perspective. For example, Brende and McCann (1984) have suggested that character symptoms, such as chronic dependency, withdrawal, and aggressive outbursts, emerge when the individual's usual methods of coping fail; this induces a pathological regression to more primitive levels of behavior and psychological functioning. In addition, Blackburn,O'Connell,and Richmond (1 984) have emphasized the problems of identity in veterans with PTSD and have noted in particular that many veterans were not able to resolve the late adolescent struggle of identity vs. role confusion because traumatic war experiences disrupted normal passage through this stage of psychosocial and personality development.…”

Section: Psychodynamic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MEASUREMENT OF TREATMENT OUTCOME PTSD is a multifaceted disorder that may include sensory, motor, neuroendocrine, cognitive, characterological, and identity disturbances (Brende & McCann, 1984). Existing research reflects this complexity in the variety of measures that have been used to assess outcome.…”

Section: Heterogeneity Of Subject Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the particular techniques used to accomplish this end result will vary as a function of the phase of PTSD (Horowitz, 1973;Horowitz & Kaltreider, 1980), the stage of therapy (Brende & McCann, 1984), and the personality style of the patient (Horowitz, 1974). In addition, "revivification" may not always be possible, depending at least in part on the level of motivation and strength of self-concept of the patient (Horowitz, Marmar, Weiss, Dewitt, & Rosenbaum, 1984).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Theoretical and empirical issues in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans

Fairbank

Nicholson

1987

J. Clin. Psychol.

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This article reviews the current status of research on the treatment of combatrelated post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Vietnam veterans. Dynamic, behavioral, and biochemical models of treatment are presented, along with the findings of relevant treatment outcome studies. Examination of the treatment procedures employed in available studies revealed that direct therapeutic exposure to the memories of trauma emerged as the PTSD treatment technique common to all three theoretical models. The need for controlled investigations of the clinical efficacy of exposure‐based interventions for combat‐related PTSD is discussed. In addition, several other issues relevant to PTSD treatment research are presented and discussed, including (1) the potential utility of studying untrained coping behavior in combat veterans; (2) the effects of using heterogeneous subject samples in PTSD treatment research; and (3) issues related to the measurement of treatment outcome.

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Section: Psychodynamic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heterogeneity Of Subject Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theoretical and empirical issues in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans

Fairbank

Nicholson

1987

J. Clin. Psychol.

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“…In Vietnam, many of these adolescents actually enacted these primitive, id-driven impulses in violence and in killing. Some manifested the primary-process typical of phylogenetic regressions (Brende & McCann, 1984}. Many patients today report they enjoyed the killing, that the excitement-the "adrenalin high"-has never been paralleled, either before or after the war.…”

Section: Traumatic Neurosis and Identitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Post-traumatic accelerated cohesion: Its recognition and management in group treatment of Vietnam veterans

Parson

1985

Group

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“…As a manic defense, a losing of one's self and humanity--against depressive affect and passivity (the enemies of survival), the berserk state is akin to Brende's notion of "phylogenetic regression" (Brende and McCann, 1984)----a total loss of psychic control and moral, ethical, and social restraints. Shay illuminates the origins of the term, and notes that Achilles was known not only as hero, but also as protype of the berserker.…”

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confidence: 99%

Contemporary media forum: Books, films, and audiocassettes

Brett¹,

Parson²

1994

J Contemp Psychother

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This book should be required reading for medical students. It should be highly recommended reading for mental health professionals on all levels and practicing physicians. Nira Kfir talks about the medical training she received which gave direct and indirect messages that cancer was terrible and that ordinary people could not deal with the diagnosis. Physicians talked in hushed tones when discussing cancer with other physicians, they gave little information, disinformation, or information to significant others rather than levelling with the patient. She talks about the relief that many patients experience when they know exactly what disease process they have. This fits well with what we understand about any traumatic situation; information about what is actually happening can be one of the most important stress relievers.Nira challenges the word victim, suggesting that victim somehow suggests helplessness and people are not helpless. People bring many coping mechanisms to bear when they are facing chaotic changes in their life. A number of examples were cited of people becoming heroic in the face of great odds, and indeed, many physicians and therapists see this wondrous side of people on a frequent basis. Recently, the news about the hurricane in Florida and the recent fires in California demonstrate the great fortitude and resilience of people in the face of terrible damage and destruction to their lives and the lives of their neighbors. She describes the human battle with cancer in much the same terms but the chaos is more personal and less recognized for the heroism it entails. 63

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Regressive experiences in Vietnam veterans: Their relationship to war, post-traumatic symptoms and recovery

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Theoretical and empirical issues in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans

Theoretical and empirical issues in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans

Post-traumatic accelerated cohesion: Its recognition and management in group treatment of Vietnam veterans

Contemporary media forum: Books, films, and audiocassettes

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