Regression of advanced maxillary sinus cancer with orbital invasion by combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy: A one‑year follow‑up case report

Abstract

A case of advanced maxillary cancer undergoing a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy is reported. The subject a 59-year-old man had a history of nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in 2004. The patient was diagnosed with a right maxillary sinus carcinoma invading the right orbital fossa (cT4aN0M0, stage IVA) in 2019. Computed tomography revealed soft tissue swelling involving the right maxillary sinus, right nasal cavity, inferior extraconal space of the right eye, right cheek and right hard palate with extension into the right pterygopalatine fossa. The patient refused surgery and radiotherapy but accepted chemotherapy in combination with immunotherapy. A marked regression of advanced maxillary sinus cancer with orbital invasion using this regimen was noted in the one-year follow-up period. A literature review on treatment for advanced maxillary sinus cancer was also conducted and the results revealed that this combination regimen may play a role in the treatment of advanced maxillary sinus cancer but further investigation is required to determine the effect of combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy on advanced maxillary sinus cancer.