Registration of “Hi‐Line” Wheat

Lanning, S. P.; Talbert, L. E.; McNeal, F. H.; Alexander, W. L.; McGuire, C. F.; Bowman, H. B.; Carlson, G. R.; Jackson, George C.; Eckhoff, J. L.; Kushnak, G. D.; Stewart, V. R.; Stallknecht, G. F.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1992.0011183x003200010067x

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Spring wheat varieties Bob White and HiLine (Lanning et al, 1992) were used to examine the effects of TDZ concentration on wheat regeneration (Table 3). Bob White is a variety with good regeneration ability and is commonly used in wheat transformation experiments (Weeks et al, 1993;Vasil et al, 1993), while the tissue culture response of Hi-Line has not been previously examined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thidiazuron promotes in vitro regeneration of wheat and barley

Shan

2000

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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SummaryThidiazuron (TDZ) is a substituted phenylurea which has been shown to be an efficacious regulator of in vitro morphogenesis of many dicot plant species. However, information regarding the effect of TDZ on in vitro regeneration of monocot species is limited. We investigated the effects of TDZ on in vitro regeneration of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and found that it promoted shoot regeneration from callus in these two important cereal species. Plant regeneration from calluses derived from immature embryo culture of barley and wheat was observed in regeneration media with a wide range of TDZ concentrations (0.045-45 mM). Shoot regeneration from barley calluses was the highest (38.3% for cv. Golden Promise) at 4.5 mM (1 mg l Ϫ1) TDZ, while the optimal TDZ level for wheat regeneration seemed to be 0.9 mM (0.2 mg l Ϫ1 ) (87% for cv. Bob White and 49.4% for cv. Hi-Line). Roots developed normally when the regenerated wheat and barley shoots from TDZ-containing media were transferred to the rooting medium. Comparison with other plant growth regulators commonly used in wheat and barley regeneration media suggested that TDZ was among the best for in vitro regeneration of wheat and barley.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thidiazuron promotes in vitro regeneration of wheat and barley

Shan

2000

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant

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“…The approach used for production of fertile transgenic wheat plants was adapted from that described by Weeks et al (20) and Altpeter et al (21). Immature embryos 0.5-1.5 mm long were isolated from greenhouse-grown wheat variety Hi-Line (22) and placed on S1 callus induction medium [4.32 g MS Basal Medium (Sigma)͞150 mg L-asparagine͞40 mg of thiamine͞20 g of maltose͞2 mg of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid͞2.5 g of phytagel per liter, pH 5.7-5.8)] for 5-8 days in the dark at 25°C. Calli were then moved to S1 medium supplemented with 0.4 M sorbitol 4 h before bombardment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in wheat endosperm increases seed yield

Smidansky

Clancy

Meyer³

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

274

178

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Yield in cereals is a function of seed number and weight; both parameters are largely controlled by seed sink strength. The allosteric enzyme ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP) plays a key role in regulating starch biosynthesis in cereal seeds and is likely the most important determinant of seed sink strength. Plant AGPs are heterotetrameric, consisting of two large and two small subunits. We transformed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with a modified form of the maize (Zea mays L.) Shrunken2 gene (Sh2r6hs), which encodes an altered AGP large subunit. The altered large subunit gives rise to a maize AGP heterotetramer with decreased sensitivity to its negative allosteric effector, orthophosphate, and more stable interactions between large and small subunits. The Sh2r6hs transgene was still functional after five generations in wheat. Developing seeds from Sh2r6hs transgenic wheat exhibited increased AGP activity in the presence of a range of orthophosphate concentrations in vitro. Transgenic Sh2r6hs wheat lines produced on average 38% more seed weight per plant. Total plant biomass was increased by 31% in Sh2r6hs plants. Results indicate increased availability and utilization of resources in response to enhanced seed sink strength, increasing seed yield, and total plant biomass. W heat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the world's most important crop plants. An estimated 610 million metric tons of wheat seed were harvested worldwide in the 1997͞98 growing season (1). Wheat seed yield is determined by seed number and weight. Starch is the major component of wheat yield, comprising 70% of wheat seed dry weight. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP; EC 2.7.7.27), an allosterically regulated heterotetramer consisting of two large and two small subunits, catalyzes the rate-limiting reaction in starch biosynthesis in plants (reviewed in refs. 2 and 3). AGP uses the substrates glucose 1-phosphate and ATP to produce ADPglucose and pyrophosphate (4). ADP-glucose is then used as the glucose donor for starch synthases. The positive allosteric effector of AGP is 3-phosphoglycerate, whereas the negative allosteric effector is orthophosphate (Pi) (2, 3). Maize endosperm AGP (5) large subunits are encoded by Shrunken2 (Sh2) (6), whereas small subunits are encoded by Brittle2 (Bt2) (7).Inhibition of AGP activity by Pi appears to limit starch biosynthesis and yield in crop plants. Evidence for this has come from studies of a modified AGP large subunit in maize (8) and from use of an altered bacterial AGP in potato (9). In both cases, AGP modification caused reduced sensitivity to Pi inhibition, resulting in enhanced yield, manifested as increased seed weight in maize (8) and increased starch content in potato (9). Instability of AGP may be an additional limitation on cereal yield. AGP is perhaps the most heat-labile starch biosynthetic enzyme in maize (10-12). A single amino acid substitution in the maize large subunit that conditions more stable large subunit-small subunit interactions (13) may lead to enhanced AGP activity and increa...

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“…In this study the hard spring wheat cultivar Hi-Line (Lanning et al 1992) was used for transformation. 'Hi-Line' carries the 'soft type' pina sequence, pina-D1a, and the variant pinb sequence, pinb-D1b, which contains a glycine to serine substitution at residue 46 of PINB (Giroux et al 2000).…”

Section: Plant Materials and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wheat puroindolines interact to form friabilin and control wheat grain hardness

et al. 2003

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Wheat grain is sold based upon several physiochemical characteristics, one of the most important being grain texture. Grain texture in wheat directly affects many end use qualities such as milling yield, break flour yield, and starch damage. The hardness (Ha) locus located on the short arm of chromosome 5D is known to control grain hardness in wheat. This locus contains the puroindoline A ( pina) and puroindoline B ( pinb) genes. All wheats to date that have mutations in pina or pinb are hard textured, while wheats possessing both the 'soft type' pina-D1a and pinb-D1a sequences are soft. Furthermore, it has been shown that complementation of the pinb-D1b mutation in hard spring wheat can restore a soft phenotype. Here, our objective was to identify and characterize the effect the puroindoline genes have on grain texture independently and together. To accomplish this we transformed a hard red spring wheat possessing a pinb-D1b mutation with 'soft type' pina and pinb, creating transgenic isolines that have added pina, pinb, or pina and pinb. Northern blot analysis of developing control and transgenic lines indicated that grain hardness differences were correlated with the timing of the expression of the native and transgenically added puroindoline genes. The addition of PINA decreased grain hardness less than the reduction seen with added PINB. Seeds from lines having more 'soft type' PINB than PINA were the softest. Friabilin abundance was correlated with the presence of both 'soft type' PINA and PINB and did not correlate well with total puroindoline abundance. The data indicates that PINA and PINB interact to form friabilin and together affect wheat grain texture.

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Registration of “Hi‐Line” Wheat

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Thidiazuron promotes in vitro regeneration of wheat and barley

Thidiazuron promotes in vitro regeneration of wheat and barley

Enhanced ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in wheat endosperm increases seed yield

Wheat puroindolines interact to form friabilin and control wheat grain hardness

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