The hydroformylation of alkynes is af undamental and important reaction in both academic researcha nd industry.C onventional methods focus on the conversion of alkynes,C O, and H 2 into a,b-unsaturated aldehydes,b ut they often suffer from problems associated with operation, regioselectivity,and chemoselectivity.Herein, we disclose an operationally simple,m ild, and syngas-free rhodium-catalyzed reaction for the hydroformylation of alkynes via formyl and hydride transfer from an alkyl aldehyde.This synthetic method uses inexpensive and easy-to-handle n-butyraldehyde to overcome the challenge posed by the use of syngas in traditional approaches and employs acommercially available catalyst and ligand to transform ab road range of internal alkynes, especially alkynyl-containing complex molecules,into versatile stereodefined a,b-unsaturated aldehydes with excellent chemo-,regio-, and stereoselectivity. Scheme 1. Hydroformylation of alkynes to a,b-unsaturated aldehydes.