Regional variations in wet and dry deposition fluxes of trace elements in Japan

Isotopic evidence of boron in precipitation originating from coal burning in Asian continent

“…Some data of the wet deposition fluxes of trace elements were reported previously (Sakata and Marumoto, 2005;Sakata et al, 2006;Sakata and Asakura, 2007). In this study, we measured boron isotopes in the precipitation samples collected at three sites on the Japan Sea coast, which has been considerably affected by emissions from the Asian continent compared with the Pacific Ocean side.…”

“…In Japan, it has been reported that various substances, including non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO 4 2-), heavy metals and organic compounds, are transported from the Asian continent to Japan during winter and spring when the airflows from the Asian continent are dominant (Mukai et al, 1990(Mukai et al, , 1994Ichikawa et al, 1998;Tanaka and Sakata, 2002;Sakata and Marumoto, 2005;Sakata et al, 2006). Moreover, Tanimoto et al (2005) showed that the spring maximum of surface O 3 over Japan is significantly caused by NO x from sources in China and Korea.…”

Contribution of Asian outflow to atmospheric concentrations of sulfate and trace elements in aerosols during winter in Japan

“…Among the ten sites, A, D, and G are located on the Japan Sea side, whereas E, F, H, and J are on the Pacific Ocean side. Previously, we reported seasonal and regional variations in the wet and dry deposition fluxes of trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, V, and Zn) at all ten sites or at the sites on the Japan Sea side (Sakata and Marumoto, 2005;Sakata et al, 2006;Asakura, 2009, 2011). The sites on the Japan Sea side had relatively high wet deposition fluxes and volume-weighted concentrations for As, Cd, Pb, and Se, owing to the large contribution of their long-range transport from the Asian continent.…”

“…Sakata et al (2000) reported that municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration is the predominant source of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn in the atmosphere, particularly over Japanese urban areas. In addition, it appears that considerable amounts of trace elements such as Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Pb are emitted from electric steel furnaces, because they are abundant in furnace emission particles (Sakata et al, 2006). Emissions from these sources may affect the trace-element concentrations in the atmosphere even in remote areas.…”

Atmospheric Concentration of Trace Elements, Dry Deposition Fluxes and Source Apportionment Study in Mumbai

“…Dry deposition of trace elements has gained the importance due to its environmental significance and concerns. There have been many studies undertaken over the past decade to estimate the dry deposition (Injuk et al, 1998;Jiries et al, 2002;Fang et al, 2004;Sakata et al, 2006;Herut 2001). Recently, measurement on dry deposition fluxes of elements and their velocities studies were also reported at Brazil, Taiwan and Tokyo (Fang et al, 2007;Pedro et al, 2007;Sakata et al, 2008).…”