Regional Variation in the Measured Apparent Ultrasonic Backscatter of Mid-Gestational Fetal Pig Hearts

Gibson, Allyson A.; Singh, Gautam K.; Kulikowska, Agnieszka; Wallace, Kirk; Hoffman, Joseph J.; Ludomirsky, Achiau; Holland, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.06.006

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…These spatial variations in attenuation properties are consistent with those reported for apparent integrated backscatter values (Gibson et al 2007) and are further examined in the Discussion section. The attenuation images show distinctly different patterns of values in the left and right ventricular myocardium implying distinct ventricular myoarchitecture and properties between the two sides.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The heart and humerus bone were harvested from each of the fetal pigs and placed in 10% formalin solution. Thin (approximately 1.0 mm) flat and parallel short-axis cross-sectional specimens of the fetal hearts, representing a transverse plane perpendicular to the long axis of the heart at the mid-papillary level, were prepared using a previously described method (Gibson et al 2007). The gestational age of each fetal pig was estimated from the length of the humerus bone using a previously described approach (Wrathall et al 1974).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To compare the attenuation properties of the left ventricular myocardium with those of the right, measurements were obtained from regions of perpendicular insonification relative to the predominant myofiber orientation based on previous analyses of the backscatter data from these fetal hearts (Gibson et al 2007). These specific regions of interest were chosen to reduce the confounding effects of tissue anisotropy on the ultrasonic measurements and enable assessment of other intrinsic properties of the tissue.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The regions of interest used for analyses in each attenuation image were similar in size, shape, and placement as those regions used previously (Gibson et al 2007). Each region of interest was centered on a line bisecting the ventricular free walls and septum.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study from our laboratory, we reported measurements of the apparent integrated backscatter properties of excised mid-gestational fetal pig hearts (Gibson et al 2007). This study showed distinct patterns of backscatter in the left and right ventricular free walls that appeared to correlate with the ventricular myoarchitecture associated with the two sides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurements of Ultrasonic Attenuation Properties of Midgestational Fetal Pig Hearts

Gibson¹,

Singh²,

Hoffman³

et al. 2009

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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The objectives of this study were to measure the relative attenuation properties of the left and right ventricles in fetal pig hearts and to compare the spatial variation in attenuation measurements with those observed in previously published backscatter measurements. Approximately 1.0 mm thick, short-axis slices of excised, formalin-fixed heart were examined from 15 mid-gestational fetal pigs using a 50-MHz single-element transducer. Measurements of the attenuation properties demonstrate regional differences in the left and right ventricular myocardium that appear consistent with the previously reported regional differences in apparent integrated backscatter measurements of the same fetal pig hearts. For regions of perpendicular insonification relative to the myofiber orientation, the right ventricular free wall showed larger values for the slope of the attenuation coefficient from 30-60 MHz (1.48 ± 0.22 dB/(cm•MHz) (mean ± SD (standard deviation)) and attenuation coefficient at 45 MHz (46.3 ± 7.3 dB/cm (mean ± SD)) than the left ventricular free wall (1.18 ± 0.24 dB/(cm•MHz) and 37.0 ± 7.9 dB/cm (mean ± SD) for slope of attenuation coefficient and attenuation coefficient at 45 MHz, respectively). This attenuation study supports the hypothesis that intrinsic differences in the myocardium of the left and right ventricles exist in fetal pig hearts at mid-gestation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Measurements of Ultrasonic Attenuation Properties of Midgestational Fetal Pig Hearts

Gibson¹,

Singh²,

Hoffman³

et al. 2009

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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Intrinsic Myoarchitectural Differences Between the Left and Right Ventricles of Fetal Human Hearts: An Ultrasonic Backscatter Feasibility Study

Holland

Gibson

Kirschner

et al. 2009

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography

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Summary Embryologically, cardiac chambers differ in their morphological and contractile properties from the beginning. We hypothesized that a non-invasive ultrasonic backscatter investigation might illustrate the fundamental differences in myocardial morphologic properties of the two ventricles during heart development. Objectives The goals of this investigation were: 1) to explore the feasibility of measuring the magnitude of cyclic variation of ultrasonic backscatter from the left and right ventricular free walls of fetal hearts; 2) to compare measurements of the magnitude of cyclic variation from the left and right sides of the heart; and 3) to determine if the observed results are consistent with predictions relating the overall backscatter level and the magnitude of cyclic variation. Methods Cyclic variation data from the left and right ventricular free walls were generated from analyses of the backscatter from echocardiographic images of 16 structurally normal fetal hearts at mid-gestation. Results The magnitude of cyclic variation was found to be greater for the left ventricular free wall than for the right ventricular free wall (4.5 ± 1.1 dB vs. 2.3 ± 0.9 dB, respectively; mean ± SD; p < 0.0001, paired t-test). Conclusion Measurements of the cyclic variation of backscatter can be obtained from both the left and right sides of fetal hearts demonstrating a significant difference between the measured magnitude of cyclic variation in the left and right ventricular myocardium. This observation is consistent with predictions relating the overall backscatter level and the magnitude of cyclic variation. Results of this study suggest cyclic variation measurements may offer a useful approach for characterizing intrinsic differences in myocardial properties of the two ventricles in assessing fetal heart development.

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Layer-Dependent Variation in the Anisotropy of Apparent Integrated Backscatter from Human Coronary Arteries

Hoffman¹,

Johnson²,

Holland³

et al. 2011

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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Clinical imaging of the coronary arteries in the cardiac catheterization laboratory using Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS) is known to display a three-layered appearance, corresponding to the intima/plaque, media, and adventitia. It is not known whether ultrasonic anisotropy arising from these tissues may alter this pattern in future IVUS systems that insonify in the forward direction or obliquely. In anticipation of such devices, the current study was carried out by imaging fresh human coronary arteries in two orthogonal directions in vitro. Twenty-six sites from 12 arteries were imaged with a side-looking IVUS system, and with an acoustic microscope both radially and axially. Side-looking IVUS and radial acoustic microscopy scans demonstrated the typical "bright-dark-bright" pattern of the backscatter, with the media being significantly darker than the other two layers. Images obtained in the axial orientation exhibited a markedly different pattern, with the relative brightness of the media significantly larger than that of the intima/plaque.

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Regional Variation in the Measured Apparent Ultrasonic Backscatter of Mid-Gestational Fetal Pig Hearts

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Measurements of Ultrasonic Attenuation Properties of Midgestational Fetal Pig Hearts

Measurements of Ultrasonic Attenuation Properties of Midgestational Fetal Pig Hearts

Intrinsic Myoarchitectural Differences Between the Left and Right Ventricles of Fetal Human Hearts: An Ultrasonic Backscatter Feasibility Study

Layer-Dependent Variation in the Anisotropy of Apparent Integrated Backscatter from Human Coronary Arteries

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