Regional thinning of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia: Effects of diagnosis, age and antipsychotic medication

Nesvåg, Ragnar; Lawyer, Glenn; Varnäs, Katarina; Fjell, Anders M.; Walhovd, Kristine B.; Frigessi, Arnoldo; Jönsson, Erik G.; Agartz, Ingrid

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.09.015

Cited by 204 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Studies have shown widespread cortical thickness reductions across the brain in patients with schizophrenia compared with healthy controls with frontal and temporal regions being generally more affected than others areas (Nesvåg et al 2008;Goldman, 2009;Schultz et al 2010). In line with prior work, Ehrlich et al (2012) and Geisler et al (2015) recently reported marked reductions of cortical thickness in patients with schizophrenia, which were also related to executive functioning.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Prefrontal cortical thinning links to negative symptoms in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium

et al. 2017

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Background. Our understanding of the complex relationship between schizophrenia symptomatology and etiological factors can be improved by studying brain-based correlates of schizophrenia. Research showed that impairments in value processing and executive functioning, which have been associated with prefrontal brain areas [particularly the medial orbitofrontal cortex (MOFC)], are linked to negative symptoms. Here we tested the hypothesis that MOFC thickness is associated with negative symptom severity. Results. Meta-analytical results showed that left, but not right, MOFC thickness was significantly associated with negative symptom severity (β std = −0.075; p = 0.019) after accounting for age, gender, and site. This effect remained significant (p = 0.036) in a model including overall illness severity. Covarying for duration of illness, age of onset, antipsychotic medication or handedness weakened the association of negative symptoms with left MOFC thickness. As part of a secondary analysis including 10 other prefrontal regions further associations in the left lateral orbitofrontal gyrus and pars opercularis emerged.Conclusions. Using an unusually large cohort and a meta-analytical approach, our findings point towards a link between prefrontal thinning and negative symptom severity in schizophrenia. This finding provides further insight into the relationship between structural brain abnormalities and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Prefrontal cortical thinning links to negative symptoms in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium

et al. 2017

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“…The findings were similar, although not entirely overlapping, in the two samples. Previous studies from our group have demonstrated reduced cortical thickness in prefrontal and temporal regions (Nesvåg et al, 2008;Rimol et al, 2010) and reduced cortical area in circumscribed regions of the brain (Rimol et al, 2012) among the patients. Interestingly, the latter study found reduced cortical area in the left pericentral and right lateral temporal regions, similar to regions with reduced lGI in the present study.…”

Section: Group Differencesmentioning

confidence: 50%

Reduced brain cortical folding in schizophrenia revealed in two independent samples

Nesvåg

Schaer

Haukvik

et al. 2014

Schizophrenia Research

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The cerebral cortex is highly convoluted, and principal folding patterns are determined early in life. Degree of cortical folding in adult life may index aberrations in brain development. Results from previous studies of cortical folding in schizophrenia are inconsistent. Here we investigated cortical folding patterns in the hitherto largest sample of patients with schizophrenia drawn from two independent cohorts. Magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 207 patients and 206 healthy subjects recruited to two separate research projects in Sweden and Norway. Local gyrification index (lGI) was estimated continuously across the cortex using automated methods. Group differences in lGI were analyzed using general linear models. Patients had lower lGI in three large clusters of the cortex with peak differences found in the left precentral gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, and right precuneus. Similar, although not completely overlapping results were found when the two cohorts were analyzed separately. There were no significant interaction effects between age and diagnosis and gender and diagnosis. The finding of reduced degree of folding in large regions of the cerebral cortex across two independent samples indicates that reduced gyrification is an inherent feature of the brain pathology in schizophrenia.

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“…In humans, reduced cortical thickness has also been associated with OCD (Shin et al, 2007), schizophrenia (Kuperberg et al, 2003;Lawyer et al, 2008;Nesvag et al, 2008;Zipursky et al, 1992), amnesia (Seo et al, 2007: Salat et al, 2006), Huntington's disease (Rosas et al, 2002(Rosas et al, , 2005), Alzheimer's disease (Dickerson et al, 2008;Richards et al, 2008), epilepsy (Lee et al, 1995;McDonald et al, 2008), traumatic brain injury (Merkley et al, 2008) and normal ageing (Preul et al, 2006). In many of these cases the severity of disease symptoms and/or cognitive decline was related to the degree of cortical thinning.…”

Section: Behavioural Recovery/compensationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thinning, movement, and volume loss of residual cortical tissue occurs after stroke in the adult rat as identified by histological and magnetic resonance imaging analysis

et al. 2010

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Regional thinning of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia: Effects of diagnosis, age and antipsychotic medication

Cited by 204 publications

References 83 publications

Prefrontal cortical thinning links to negative symptoms in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium

Prefrontal cortical thinning links to negative symptoms in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium

Reduced brain cortical folding in schizophrenia revealed in two independent samples

Thinning, movement, and volume loss of residual cortical tissue occurs after stroke in the adult rat as identified by histological and magnetic resonance imaging analysis

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