Regional systems of innovation: lessons from the biotechnology clusters in Belgium and Germany

Segers, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.1080/08276331.2015.1128256

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Empirical findings were mirrored against expectations regarding desirable influences of cluster support on the development of clusters, their actors and their economic environment, which can be found in the theoretical cluster literature and have often been incorporated into programme documents on cluster support. Important sources in this context are Alecke et al 2008;Andersson et al 2004;Audretsch et al 2016;Brenner et al (2013); Brökel and Graf 2020;Crass et al 2016;Eickelpasch et al 2004;Falck et al 2011;Ketels 2014;Porter 1998Porter , 1999Santner 2018;Segers 2016;Sölvell and Williams 2013;Uyarra and Ramlogan 2016;Vicente 2016 of R&D projects, depends heavily on the level of risk connected with the respective projects.…”

Section: National Growth and Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

Why are there so few hard facts about the impact of cluster policies in Germany? A critical review of evaluation studies

Rothgang

Lageman

Scholz

2021

Rev Evol Polit Econ

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Based on empirical findings on the effects of cluster policies in Germany, this paper scrutinises the available knowledge on cluster policies impact. There is a growing body of insights on direct effects of policy measures on cluster actors, cluster organisations and innovation networks of the promoted clusters. For some industries such as biotechnology, there are indications that cluster policies had a substantial influence on the formation of new firms and emerging sectoral structures. While the available information seems to support the hypothesis that cluster policies can provide positive impulses for the development of clusters, the actual knowledge on far-reaching impacts of cluster policies on economic structures and processes is still rather limited. The paper asks for the reasons of this knowledge gap between expectations placed in cluster policies and the available evidence on their impact. We identify five reasons: (i) problems in addressing the systemic nature of cluster policy interventions and their effects, (ii) deficiencies regarding the methodologies used, (iii) a lacking informational basis, (iv) practical contexts (e.g., a lack of interest of policy makers) leading to deficiencies in incentive mechanisms and (v) the limited transferability of evaluation results to other cluster policy contexts. For future evaluations, we propose among others the use of system-related approaches to impact analyses based on mixed-method designs as well as comparative case studies based on new methods like process tracing. In order to improve the incentives for evaluators, an increasing awareness of policy makers about the relevance of evaluation studies would be important.

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Section: National Growth and Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

Why are there so few hard facts about the impact of cluster policies in Germany? A critical review of evaluation studies

Rothgang

Lageman

Scholz

2021

Rev Evol Polit Econ

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“…This is prominent in certain geographies, such as Flanders and Wallonia in Belgium; Rhine-Neckar in Germany; and Cambridge, MA, San Diego, CA, and San Francisco, CA, in the United States. (Segers, 2016). Also, the industry has always maintained ties to academia and has long partnered with small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).…”

Section: Closed Innovation Evolving To Open Innovationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an emergent tool in the Enterprise 2.0 era, OI is disruptive, and there is an interrelationship between disruptive business models, OI, regional systems of innovation, and technology clustering (Segers, 2015(Segers, , 2016 Crowdsourcing, a type of OI using novel platforms, peer production, and virtual communities, is particularly associated with Generation Y and Generation Z. Jeff Howe and Mark Robinson, editors at Wired magazine, first coined the term crowdsourcing, and the original applications were in the business-to-consumer sector (Howe, 2008). Crowdsourcing is often done via the Internet with an open call to the community/crowd for assistance in providing a solution.…”

Section: Application Of Oi and Crowdsourcing To Drug Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biopharmaceutical Entrepreneurship, Open Innovation, and the Knowledge Economy

Gillespie¹,

Privitera²,

Gaspero³

2019

jim

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This article focuses on the paradigm shift of the global biopharmaceutical sector’s utiliza- tion of open innovation models to optimize drug development. Leveraging four exemplars, this review highlights that traditionally propriety, non-collaborative biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies increasingly use principles, processes, and structures of open innovation to increase drug R&D effectiveness and efficiency. We discern three essential elements in the successful creation of open innovation partnerships: (i) culture, (ii) collaborative management skills, and (iii) strategic capability alignment. This analysis provides guidance for business leaders and scholars interested in the managerial and strategic dimensions of applying open innovation to the drug development environment. Theoretically, the article contributes to the growing stream of research integrating the concepts of knowledge economy, open innovation, and Enterprise 2.0. We discuss the specific ways in which open innovation holds potential to improve quality, increase speed, and lower costs and thus yield positive benefits for global health.

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“…15 However, in spite of the importance of biotechnology, prior studies on biotechnology industries mostly have centered on Europe, other countries, some specific regions in the United States (such as one state), or one Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). [16][17][18][19] For example, Segers highlights how biotechnological firms play an important role in open innovation by clustering and intensive partnering to innovative with knowledge. 18 Abbasiharofteh and Broekel report that the role of biotechnology clusters for evolution of knowledge networks in Berlin between early 1990s and 2016.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16][17][18][19] For example, Segers highlights how biotechnological firms play an important role in open innovation by clustering and intensive partnering to innovative with knowledge. 18 Abbasiharofteh and Broekel report that the role of biotechnology clusters for evolution of knowledge networks in Berlin between early 1990s and 2016. 16 Sengoku highlights a unique and optimal innovation model for regional biotech industry to develop start-up firms and entrepreneurs from the perspective of regional innovation systems in Japan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cluster Characteristics of Biotechnology Industries and Their Effect on Regional Innovation Systems

Yum

2021

Industrial Biotechnology

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This study proposes a new Cluster Quotient (CQ) to highlight the cluster characteristics and their effect on regional innovation systems based on all US Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) in 2014. This study finds that San Diego, CA plays an important role in biotechnology industries, and the CQ index would be a better method to measure the degree of clusters than the Location Quotient index (LQ) given that the CQ method is based on the definition of a cluster and strongly correlated with high industry quotient MSAs. The study also highlights that biotechnology clusters have a positive impact on patents. An increase of 1% of the CQ generates an increase of 0.25% of patents. The result highlights that biotechnology clusters play an important role in regional innovation systems and need to be seriously taken into consideration in the field of urban planning.

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Regional systems of innovation: lessons from the biotechnology clusters in Belgium and Germany

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Why are there so few hard facts about the impact of cluster policies in Germany? A critical review of evaluation studies

Why are there so few hard facts about the impact of cluster policies in Germany? A critical review of evaluation studies

Biopharmaceutical Entrepreneurship, Open Innovation, and the Knowledge Economy

The Cluster Characteristics of Biotechnology Industries and Their Effect on Regional Innovation Systems

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