Regional mapping of gas uptake by blood and tissue in the human lung using hyperpolarized xenon‐129 MRI

Qing, Kun; Ruppert, K.; Jiang, Yun; Mata, Jaime F.; Miller, G. Wilson; Shim, Y. Michael; Wang, Chengbo; Ruset, Iulian C.; Hersman, F. W.; Altes, Talissa A.; Mugler, John P.

doi:10.1002/jmri.24181

Cited by 160 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…All the major types of contrast-weighting demonstrated using 3 He MRI have now been replicated robustly with enriched 129 Xe [27, 28]. Unlike 3 He, 129 Xe diffuses from the gas phase into the tissues and blood, where chemical shifts associated with the local spin environment can be imaged directly to enable quantitative modeling of gas exchange [29–31]. More recently, the solubility of HP 129 Xe gas into the plasma and red blood cells has also been exploited for brain imaging, enabling characteristic measures of perfusion and T 1 relaxation in different brain compartments [32].…”

Section: Physical and Biological Properties Of Polarized Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such multi-spectral data induces chemical shift artifacts and hinders accurate quantification of physiologic processes if left unaccounted for [92]. To date, three major multi-spectral imaging techniques for chemical species isolation have been translated from conventional 1 H imaging to HP imaging: chemical shift imaging (CSI) [32, 81, 91, 92], modeling of HP spectra similar to iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) methods [31, 74, 81, 93, 101, 105–108], and the use of spectral-spatial (SPSP) excitation [86, 109–111]. …”

Section: Imaging Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quantitative measures such as “saturation transfer time” allow the kinetics of 129 Xe recovery to be modeled. These more advanced methods can provide direct [29–31, 151] or indirect [147, 152] estimates of average septal wall thickness and alveolar surface area-to-volume ratio [147, 148, 153]. Both single-voxel [153, 154] and spectroscopic imaging methods [30, 31] are feasible.…”

Section: Deriving Functional Measures From Hyperpolarized Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic resonance imaging with hyperpolarized agents: methods and applications

et al. 2017

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In the past decade, hyperpolarized (HP) contrast agents have been under active development for MRI applications to address the twin challenges of functional and quantitative imaging. Both HP helium (3He) and xenon (129Xe) gases have reached the stage where they are under study in clinical research. HP 129Xe, in particular, is poised for larger scale clinical research to investigate asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and fibrotic lung diseases. With advances in polarizer technology and unique capabilities for imaging of 129Xe gas exchange into lung tissue and blood, HP 129Xe MRI is attracting new attention. In parallel, HP 13C and 15N MRI methods have steadily advanced in a wide range of pre-clinical research applications for imaging metabolism in various cancers and cardiac disease. The HP [1-13C] pyruvate MRI technique, in particular, has undergone phase I trials in prostate cancer and is poised for investigational new drug trials at multiple institutions in cancer and cardiac applications. This review treats the methodology behind both HP gases and HP 13C and 15N liquid state agents. Gas and liquid phase HP agents share similar technologies for achieving non-equilibrium polarization outside the field of the MRI scanner, strategies for image data acquisition, and translational challenges in moving from pre-clinical to clinical research. To cover the wide array of methods and applications, this review is organized by numerical section into 1) a brief introduction, 2) the physical and biological properties of the most common polarized agents with a brief summary of applications and methods of polarization, 3) methods for image acquisition and reconstruction specific to improving data acquisition efficiency for HP MRI, 4) the main physical properties that enable unique measures of physiology or metabolic pathways, followed by a more detailed review of the literature describing the use of HP agents to study 5) metabolic pathways in cancer and cardiac disease and 6) lung function in both pre-clinical and clinical research studies, 7) some future directions and challenges, and 8) an overall summary.

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Section: Physical and Biological Properties Of Polarized Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Imaging Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Deriving Functional Measures From Hyperpolarized Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic resonance imaging with hyperpolarized agents: methods and applications

et al. 2017

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“…In contrast, images and associated ratio maps in smokers and asthmatics were generally heterogeneous and exhibited values mostly lower than those in healthy subjects. Whole-lung values of total dissolved 129 Xe-to-gas, tissue-to-gas, and red blood cell-togas ratios in healthy subjects were significantly larger than those in diseased subjects [334].…”

Section: Patchingmentioning

confidence: 69%

NMR-Active Nuclei for Biological and Biomedical Applications

Patching¹

2016

J Diagn Imaging Ther

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a principal well-established technique for analysis of chemical, biological, food and environmental samples. This article provides an overview of the properties and applications of NMR-active nuclei (39 nuclei of 33 different elements) used in NMR measurements (solution-and solid-state NMR, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging) with biological and biomedical systems and samples. The samples include biofluids, cells, tissues, organs or whole body from different organisms (humans, animals, bacteria, fungi, plants) for detecting and quantifying metabolites or environmental samples (water, soils, sediments). Isolated biomolecules (peptides, proteins, nucleic acids) can be analysed for elucidation of atomic-resolution structure, conformation and dynamics and for characterisation of ligand and drug binding, and of protein-ligand, protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. NMR can be used for drug screening and pharmacokinetics and to provide information in the design and discovery of new drugs. NMR can also measure translocation of ions and small molecules across lipid bilayers and membranes, characterise structure, phase behaviour and dynamics of membranes and elucidate atomic-resolution structure, orientation and dynamics of membrane-embedded peptides and proteins.Keywords: biological and biomedical applications; drug screening; dynamics; magnetic resonance imaging; membrane proteins; metabolomics; MRI; NMR-active nuclei; nuclear magnetic resonance; protein structure INTRODUCTION1 UCLEAR magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is one of the principal techniques used for analysis of biological and biomedical systems and samples. This can include the identification, quantification and monitoring of ions, small molecules and biomolecules in studies of metabolism and biological function in human and animal cells and tissues, bacterial cells and spores, fungi and plants. Similar types of measurements can be performed on environmental samples such as water, soils and sediment. NMR is able to elucidate atomic-resolution structure, conformation, molecular mechanism, dynamics and exchange processes (on timescales of picoseconds to seconds) in biomolecules, especially peptides, proteins and nucleic acids. NMR can be used for the observation, quantification and characterisation of ligand and drug binding to biomolecules, and for characterisation of ligandprotein, protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions. NMR can be used for drug screening and it can acquire structural, binding and kinetic information for the design and discovery of new drugs. It can then monitor the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of administered drugs in pharmacokinetics studies. OPEN ACCESS PEER-REVIEWED*NMR can be used for the observation, quantification and kinetic characterisation of ion and smallmolecule translocation across lipid bilayers and biological membranes, including those of cells, tissues and vesicles. Solid-state NM...

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“…This allows separate images of the xenon in the air spaces, lung tissue and red blood cell in a single breath hold and provides a regional quantification of gas exchange within the lung [33]. In a recent application in two subjects with asthma, both demonstrated ventilation defects, but had marked heterogeneity in the gas exchange metrics: the tissue-to-gas ratio and the red blood cell-to-tissue ratio maps [34].…”

Section: Hyperpolarized Gas Mrimentioning

confidence: 98%

Ventilation heterogeneity in asthma

Teague¹,

Tustison

Altes

2014

Journal of Asthma

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Non-uniform distribution of inspired gas within the lung, termed ventilation heterogeneity, is present in patients with even mild asthma. Current evidence strongly supports ventilation heterogeneity as a fundamental derangement of lung function in asthma that contributes per se to hypoxemia and airway hyper-responsiveness. An extreme example of ventilation heterogeneity is the identification by hyperpolarized gas MRI of lung regions with no ventilation, termed filling defects. Lung filling defects in patients with asthma can persist over time, increase in size with methacholine-induced bronchospasm and more likely are caused by obstruction of the peripheral and not the proximal airways. Ventilation heterogeneity can be quantified in the conducting and acinar lung zones with the multiple gas washout method, and in the acinar zone does not fully resolve following bronchodilator treatment in patients with asthma. In prospective studies, the degree of ventilation heterogeneity at baseline predicts airway hyper-responsiveness and response to corticosteroid dose titration. An important unanswered question is the relationship of airways inflammation to ventilation heterogeneity. In consideration of the importance of ventilation heterogeneity in its pathobiology, asthma is more a focal disorder with regional pathology akin to regional ileitis and not the generalized disorder of the airways as it has been viewed in the past.

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Regional mapping of gas uptake by blood and tissue in the human lung using hyperpolarized xenon‐129 MRI

Cited by 160 publications

References 38 publications

Magnetic resonance imaging with hyperpolarized agents: methods and applications

Magnetic resonance imaging with hyperpolarized agents: methods and applications

NMR-Active Nuclei for Biological and Biomedical Applications

Ventilation heterogeneity in asthma

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