Regional group purchasing of vaccines: review of the Pan American Health Organization EPI revolving fund and the Gulf Cooperation Council group purchasing program

DeRoeck, Denise; Bawazir, Saleh A.; Carrasco, Peter; Kaddar, Miloud; Brooks, Alan D.; Fitzsimmons, John W.; Andrus, Jon Kim

doi:10.1002/hpm.822

Cited by 69 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…These vaccine introductions could be attributable to the Pan-American Health Organization's (PAHO) Revolving Fund, a regional pooled procurement mechanism with a fixed vaccine pricing. 24 , 25 This means that countries, irrespective of their GNI per capita, have access to the same vaccines and at the same affordable price. Gulf cooperation countries (GCC) in the EMRO region have also established a limited pooled procurement mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global rotavirus vaccine introductions and coverage: 2006 – 2016

Abou-Nader

Sauer

Steele

et al. 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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An estimated 215,000 children died of rotavirus infections in 2013, accounting for 37% of diarrhea-related deaths worldwide, 92% of which occurred in low and lower-middle income countries. Since 2009 the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of rotavirus vaccines in all national immunization programs. This review compares rotavirus vaccine (RV) introductions and vaccine coverage by region, country income status and Gavi-eligibility from 2006–2016. Gross National Income data from the World Bank and surviving infant population from United Nations Population Division was obtained for 2016. Data from WHO were collected on rotavirus vaccine coverage, national immunization schedules, and new vaccine introductions for 2016 while estimated rotavirus deaths were collected for 2013, the last year of available WHO data. As of December 2016, the majority of countries (57%, 110/194) had not introduced universal rotavirus vaccine despite WHO's 2009 recommendation to do so. Countries in the WHO African region had the greatest proportion of introductions (37%, 31/84) by December 2016 and a great majority of these (77%, 24/31) were supported by new vaccine introduction (NVI) grants from Gavi. Almost half (48%) of global introductions were in low and lower-middle income Gavi-eligible and Gavi-graduating countries. Conversely, countries in the Southeast Asia WHO region and those not eligible for Gavi NVI support have been slow to introduce rotavirus vaccine. High-income countries, on average, had poorer rotavirus vaccine coverage compared to low and lower-middle income countries. The over-representation of African countries within the Gavi subset and high estimated rotavirus deaths in these African countries, likely explains why introduction efforts have been focused in this region. While much progress has been made with the integration and implementation of rotavirus vaccine into national immunization programs, 110 countries representing 69% of the global birth cohort had yet to introduce the vaccine by December 2016.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gulf cooperation countries (GCC) in the EMRO region have also established a limited pooled procurement mechanism. 25 Unfortunately, UMICs in other regions do not have access to such pooled procurement mechanisms and typically need to negotiate vaccine prices individually with manufacturers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global rotavirus vaccine introductions and coverage: 2006 – 2016

Abou-Nader

Sauer

Steele

et al. 2018

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…It is managed by PAHO on behalf of member countries. 21 Although the results of PAHO's assessment of vaccine laws are preliminary, the findings suggest that legislation committing countries to the use of the Revolving Fund for vaccine purchase correlates with more equitable vaccination coverage: Fewer communities report low estimates of vaccination rates. 20 This finding supports PAHO's commitment to ensuring equity and access to health services.…”

Section: Sustaining National Immunization Programsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Challenges To Building Capacity For Evidence-Based New Vaccine Policy In Developing Countries

Andrus

Jaúregui²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2011

Health Affairs

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There are many challenges to ensuring that people in developing countries have equitable access to new vaccines. Two of the most important are having the capacity to make evidence-based new vaccine policy decisions in developing countries, and then when appropriate actually distributing those new vaccines to those who will most benefit from them. Based on our review of the Pan American Health Organization's ProVac Initiative in the Americas, we found that when national governments in developing countries develop the expertise to make the best technical decisions about immunization programs; take responsibility for helping to pay for and distribute vaccines; and are supported by strong partnerships with international organizations, they succeed in saving more lives more quickly.

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“…In Iran, the Emergency Management Centre (EMC) is under the control of the Deputy of Health, and the Centre's most important duties are the planning, supervision, and coordination in emergencies. Due to the potential impact of disasters on human life, health facilities have since been moved to the top of the agenda in terms of disaster management [32]. The 2003 Bam earthquake particularly influenced this, when the functions of the city's health system collapsed.…”

Section: Disaster Management In Iranian Hospitalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and security of hospitals during natural disasters: Challenges of disaster managers

Nia¹,

Kulatunga²

2017

Int. J. SAFE

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The purpose of this research is to explore some challenges that hospital disaster managers face in dealing with natural disaster events. In such events, it is crucial that hospitals remain safe and functional during and after the disaster; thus, hospitals at all levels need to plan for natural disasters and be aware of the requirement to remain in an operational condition both during and after any event. Evidence from around the world suggests that the malfunctioning of hospitals during a disaster have extensive impacts on both inbound and outbound patients; as such, disaster preparedness is a significant concern for hospital disaster managers. Hospital disaster management is important because of the critical services that healthcare facilities provide for injured people and existing patients. Therefore, developing a good management system for natural disaster events can help to ensure better efficiency and economy in the use of facilities and human resources within hospitals. Although appropriate disaster management can mitigate the impact of natural disasters in hospitals, there are some barriers that can prevent the effective management of these facilities in such events. For this study, secondary information was retrieved from the Internet and via academic database on sudden-onset natural disasters, and it was found that the: awareness, knowledge, disaster preparedness of hospital staff; allocation of building codes, and the relocation of buildings to higher levels, need be improved. Also, equipping health care facilities at the time of natural disaster events is important. To manage the challenges facing hospital disaster managers, a national strategy for the disaster management planning for hospitals is required.

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Regional group purchasing of vaccines: review of the Pan American Health Organization EPI revolving fund and the Gulf Cooperation Council group purchasing program

Cited by 69 publications

References 1 publication

Global rotavirus vaccine introductions and coverage: 2006 – 2016

Global rotavirus vaccine introductions and coverage: 2006 – 2016

Challenges To Building Capacity For Evidence-Based New Vaccine Policy In Developing Countries

Safety and security of hospitals during natural disasters: Challenges of disaster managers

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