Regional Estimates of Radiated Seismic Energy

Boatwright, John; Choy, George L.; Seekins, Linda C.

doi:10.1785/0120000932

Cited by 99 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…E R estimates from teleseismic P waves and regional S waves can differ by an order of magnitude (Singh and Ordaz, 1994), reflecting the uncertainties in the corrections applied to the seismograms. It is not surprising, therefore, that accurate estimation of E R is presently an active field of research (e.g., Prejean and Ellsworth, 2001; Boatwright et al, 2002;Venkataraman, 2002;Ide et al, 2003;Pérez-Campos et al, 2003). In this section, we estimate the E R of the Bhuj earthquake using regional and teleseismic waves.…”

Section: Estimation Of Radiated Seismic Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Source Study of the Bhuj, India, Earthquake of 26 January 2001 (Mw 7.6)

Singh¹

2004

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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We study the source time function (STF) and radiated seismic energy (E R ) of the M w 7.6 Bhuj earthquake using the empirical Green's function (EGF) technique. Our estimations of the STF and E R are based on teleseismic P waves and regional seismograms, respectively. We find that the STFs as a function of azimuth have a similar shape and nearly constant duration of 18 sec. This suggests that the rupture propagation was essentially radial. The STFs show a sharp rise in the first 6 sec. The E R estimated from the EGF technique is 2.1 ‫ן‬ 10 23 erg. We find that E R 's computed from integration of corrected velocity-squared spectra of teleseismic P waves and regional seismograms are in excellent agreement with the E R obtained from the EGF technique. Since the seismic moment, M 0 , is 3.4 ‫ן‬ 10 27 dyne cm, we obtain E R /M 0 ‫ס‬ 6.2 ‫ן‬ 10 ‫5מ‬ . The radiation efficiency, g R , during the Bhuj earthquake was low, about 0.23. The sharp rise of the STFs and g R ‫ס‬ 0.23 can be explained by Sato and Hirasawa's (1973) quasi-dynamic, circular source model with an effective stress of ϳ300 bar and the ratio of rupture to shear-wave velocity, V R /b, of ϳ0.5. The corresponding estimate of slip velocity at the center of the fault is 156 cm/sec. V R /b ϳ 0.5 is in reasonable agreement with the duration of the STF and the reported dimension of the aftershocks, as well as with the results of inversion of teleseismic body waves.The observations may also be explained by a frictional sliding model, with gradual frictional stress drop and significant dissipation of energy on the fault plane. This model requires an average dynamic stress drop of about 120 bar and V R /b ϳ 0.7 to explain both the rapid rise in the first 6 sec of the STFs and, along with a static stress drop of 200 bar, the observed E R /M 0 . High static stress drop is a common feature of most crustal earthquakes in stable continental regions. An examination of the available data, however, does not suggest that most of them also have relatively low radiation efficiency.

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Section: Estimation Of Radiated Seismic Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Source Study of the Bhuj, India, Earthquake of 26 January 2001 (Mw 7.6)

Singh¹

2004

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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“…It is however necessary to assess the geometrical and anelastic attenuations of the rock mass and the response of the instrumental channel (Urbancic et al 1993;Boatwright et al, 2002;Yamada et al 2007) in order to obtain a correct estimate of this energy. Although it is easy to correct the recorded signal of the geometrical attenuation, it is more difficult to perform other corrections without making numerous assumptions.…”

Section: 4seismic Energy At the Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Post-mining Large-scale Ground Failures: Blast Swarms Field Experiment for Calibration of Permanent Microseismic Early-warning Systems

Contrucci

Klein

Bigarré

et al. 2009

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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ACCEPTED May 09, PAGEOPH.Abstract -In France, decades of coal and iron ore mining have left extensive underground cavities beneath or in the vicinity of urban areas. This poses an environmental challenge for society. To ensure post-mining risk management and public safety, wherever remediation is not possible, numerous real-time microseismic monitoring systems are being installed. The objective is to detect remote rock mass fracturing processes, precursory events and acceleration phases for appropriate and timely action. Although no consistent collapse has occurred in any of the monitored areas yet, single 3D probes record many microseismic events of very low amplitude which create difficulties in the quantitative data analysis. The development of specific quantitative processing has therefore become a major issue in our research work. For that purpose, a field experiment was carried out on six of the instrumented sites. It consisted of sequences of small blasts in mine pillars which were accurately controlled in terms of the location, orientation and energy of the explosive source. The data analysis was used to calibrate parameters (velocity model, 3D sensor orientation, etc.) for reliable 3D localization and to develop an empirical law to estimate the source energy from the sensor energy. This work now enables us to analyze real microseismic events with a much better level of accuracy and to obtain enough information and confidence to discuss these data in terms of site stability.

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“…Data sources: Abercrombie (1995), Mayeda and Walter (1996), Izutani and Kanamori (2001), and Kanamori et al (1993). Data for large earthquakes: Mayeda and Walter (1996), Kanamori and Heaton (2000), McGarr and Fletcher (2002), Boatwright et al (2002), Venkataraman et al (2002), and Izutani and Kanamori (2001).…”

Section: ‫3מ‬mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent improvements in data quality and methodology have significantly improved the accuracy of E R determination for large earthquakes (e.g., M w Ͼ6) (e.g., Boatwright and Choy, 1986;Boatwright et al, 2002;Venkataraman et al, 2002). For small earthquakes, it is still difficult to correct for the propagation effects.…”

Section: Energy-moment Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static and Dynamic Scaling Relations for Earthquakes and Their Implications for Rupture Speed and Stress Drop

Kanamori¹

2004

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

188

161

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We investigate the relation between a static scaling relation, M 0 (seismic moment) versus f 0 (spectral corner frequency), and a dynamic scaling relation between M 0 and E R (radiated energy). These two scaling relations are not independent. Using the variational calculus, we show that the ratio ẽ ‫ס‬ E R /M 0 has a lower bound, w 10 able data on these scaling relations. We note that the scaling relation, Dr s V 3 ϰ , suggests that even if ẽ is scale independent and M 0 ϰ (i.e., e ‫ס‬ 0),

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Regional Estimates of Radiated Seismic Energy

Cited by 99 publications

References 31 publications

A Source Study of the Bhuj, India, Earthquake of 26 January 2001 (Mw 7.6)

A Source Study of the Bhuj, India, Earthquake of 26 January 2001 (Mw 7.6)

Management of Post-mining Large-scale Ground Failures: Blast Swarms Field Experiment for Calibration of Permanent Microseismic Early-warning Systems

Static and Dynamic Scaling Relations for Earthquakes and Their Implications for Rupture Speed and Stress Drop

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