“…Iranian scholars have called the Iranian state a rentier state due to high oil and gas revenues, where the state's financial independence (rentier state) has consequences: lack of economic development (Mahdavy, 1970), increased short-term mentality and selfinterest (Sharifzadegan and Ghanouni, 2018), increased inequality (Movassaghi and Ghanimifard, 2012), increased corruption (Bokharaei and Gharibi, 2015), bad governance (Mirebaigi, 2016), lack of civil society independence (Hajiyoseffi, 1999), and lack of entrepreneurship groups (Byselami, 2007). However, the analysis of the attitudes of various social groups, especially Iranian students, toward state financing and spending has been neglected.…”