A ground-motion prediction equation (GMPE) specific to rock and stiffsoil sites is derived using seismic motion recorded on high V S30 sites in Japan. This GMPE applies to events with 4:5 ≤ M w ≤ 6:9 and V S30 ranging from 500 to 1500 m=s (stiff-soil to rock sites). The empirical site coefficients obtained and the comparison with the simulated site functions show that seismic motion on rock and stiff-soil sites does not depend only on V S30 , but also on the high-frequency attenuation site properties (κ 0 ). The effects of the site-specific κ 0 on site amplification are analyzed using stochastic simulations, with the need to take into account both of these parameters for rock-site adjustments. Adding the site-specific κ 0 into the GMPEs thus appears to be essential in future work. The rock-site stochastic ground-motion simulations show that the sitespecific κ 0 controls the frequency corresponding to the maximum response spectral acceleration (f amp 1). This observation is used to link the peak of the response spectral shape to κ 0 in this specific Japanese dataset and then to add the effects of high-frequency attenuation into the previous GMPE from the peak ground acceleration and up to periods of 0.2 s. The inclusion of κ 0 allows the observed bias to be corrected for the intraevent residuals and thus reduces sigma. However, this κ 0 determination is limited to a minimum number of rock-site records with M w ≥ 4:5 and to distances of less than 50 km.