Regional CO₂ Inversion Through Ensemble‐Based Simultaneous State and Parameter Estimation: TRACE Framework and Controlled Experiments

Abstract

The rising level of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration in the atmosphere has profoundly altered the Earth's radiative balance and consequently the global climate (IPCC, 2021). Although sources and sinks of CO 2 to

Regional Inversion Shows Promise in Capturing Extreme‐Event‐Driven CO2 Flux Anomalies but Is Limited by Atmospheric CO2 Observational Coverage

“…Although current observing gaps are found to be a major limitation, there may be approaches to better regularize the inverse problem and reduce the impact of these gaps. In particular, applying off‐diagonal co‐variances in the prior error covariance matrix could be employed to adjust fluxes where observations are missing (Chen et al., 2023). Applying spatial co‐variances will likely be especially important for in situ inversions, while applying temporal co‐variances may be most useful for OCO‐2 $${\mathrm{X}}_{\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{2}}}$$ inversions.…”