“…Previous investigations regarding upwelling in the GoR have been considered mainly in the context of the whole BS region based on satellite data (e.g., Uiboupin and Laanemets, 2015;Dabuleviciene et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2022), model data (e.g., Myrberg and Andrejev, 2003;Wu et al, 2019), or a combination of both (e.g., Lehmann et al, 2012;Gurova et al, 2013;Kowalewska-Kalkowska and Kowalewski, 2019). In addition to that, more detailed investigations have been performed concentrating on specific gulfs (e.g., Kikas and Lips, 2016-the Gulf of Finland), parts, or regions (Bednorz et al, 2018 andBednorz et al, 2019-South-Eastern Baltic Sea) of the Baltic Sea and explore various aspects of upwelling-related topics, e.g., atmospheric forcing (Bednorz et al, 2021), submesoscale structures (Väli et al, 2017), surface transport (Delpeche-Ellmann et al, 2017 andSoomere, 2018), excess of phosphorus in surface layer (e.g., Laanemets et al, 2011;Väli et al, 2011), chlorophyll a variability (Dabuleviciene et al, 2020), and heat waves (Suursaar, 2020). Previous studies of the GoR region have been general and descriptive (e.g., Bychkova et al, 1988;Lehmann et al, 2012;Bednorz et al, 2021), focused on identifying the main upwelling areas and giving frequency estimates.…”