Regional Characteristics of Birth Rates in Croatia

Abstract

U radu se razmatraju prostorne značajke nataliteta u Hrvatskoj. Analiza je utemeljena na prosječnoj općoj stopi nataliteta za trogodišnje razdoblje (2001)(2002)(2003). Da bi se isključio utjecaj razlika u dobnom sastavu pri usporedbi rodnosti pojedinih populacija, pribjeglo se izračunavanju tzv. standardizirane opće stope nataliteta. Za standardno stanovništvo odabrano je ukupno stanovništvo Hrvatske. Upravni gradovi i općine (pojedinačno) osnovne su analitičke prostorne jedinice, a natalitet se razmatra i na razini županija te većih prostornih cjelina (krško područje, panonsko područje, upravni gradovi/općine; u krškom području razlikuju se otočje, priobalje i unutrašnjost). U svim županijama i većim prostornim cjelinama naglašen je proces prostorne homogenizacije na razini niskog nataliteta. Pokazalo se da najveći standardizirani natalitet (plodnost u hipotetičkim uvjetima) imaju općine u unutrašnjosti krškog područja. Utvrđena je određena polarizacija nataliteta u hipotetičkim uvjetima standardizirane dobne strukture. Jedan pol je u Bukovici i Dalmatinskoj zagori -hipotetički najplodnijem kraju Hrvatske, a drugi pol je u Istri i oko Rijeke -hipotetički najmanje plodnom području. Regional Characteristics of Birth Rates in CroatiaThe paper deals with regional characteristics of birth rates in Croatia on different territorial levels: from individual townships and municipalities to counties and larger areas, such as Pannonian and Karst regions (further divided into the islands, the seashore and the inland). The analysis is based on the average birth rates for a three-year period (2001)(2002)(2003). In order to eliminate the influence of differences in the age composition of population, standardized birth rates are being calculated. Entire female population of Croatia has been chosen for standard population. In all counties and larger regional entities the process of regional homogenization at low birth rates level is prominent. However, a certain polarization of birth rates in hypothetical conditions of a standardized age composition was determined. One pole is located in Bukovica and Dalmatinska Zagora -the area of hypothetically the highest fertility, and the other one is in Istria and around Rijeka -the area of hypothetically the lowest fertility.

Crude Birth Rate in Croatia: local-scale variability, spatial patterns, and trends from 2001 to 2020

“…Nevertheless, the weight of the Zagreb settlement in the City of Zagreb is significant enough for the presented results to be a reflection of the real situation, despite the data about the surrounding settlements being somewhat obscured. 6 The gross fertility rate of small towns and municipalities is higher compared to the group of larger towns, which confirms earlier patterns (Nejašmić, 1996;Akrap et al, 2003). The City of Zagreb records an above-average value, but evidence confirms the greater fertility resistance of urban centers to economic recession, i.e.…”

“…Across Europe, the fertility level is higher in rural areas and small towns and lower in large cities (Belić and Mišetić, 2021). Similar patterns can be seen in Croatia (Nejašmić, 1996;Akrap et al, 2003), but the case with the CBR is different. Since the 1960s, the CBR has become higher in urban settlements, mainly due to strong rural-urban migration (Nejašmić, 1986).…”

“…Diljem Europe razine fertiliteta više su u ruralnim područjima i malim gradovima, a niže u velikim gradovima (Belić i Mišetić, 2021). Slični obrasci vrijede i za Hrvatsku (Nejašmić, 1996;Akrap i dr., 2003). No za stopu nataliteta okolnosti su drukčije -od 1960-ih godina u gradskim naseljima postala je višom no u seoskim, a glavni je razlog snažna migracija na relaciji selo-grad (Nejašmić, 1986).…”

Recent marriage and childbearing trends in Croatia and Slovenia: A comparative review

“…Nejašmić 1986;Klempić and Lajić 2005), and two papers dealt with extramarital births in Croatia (Mrđen 1997;Pavić 2014). There is only one paper dealing with regional characteristics of birth rates in Croatia in the period (Nejašmić, Bašić and Toskić 2008. Despite the fact that Croatia has had below-replacement total fertility rate since late 1960s, that issue has been investigated more thoroughly only recently, particularly the relation between women's employment and fertility (e.g.…”

Uloga Roma u demografskim resursima Međimurske županije

“…Jedno od istaknutijih povoljnijih demografskih obilježja Međimurske županije jesu sastavnice prirodnoga kretanja stanovništva. U odnosu na Republiku Hrvatsku Međimurje bilježi nešto više stope nataliteta, unatoč činjenici što predstavlja pogranično i emigracijsko područje (Šterc, 1983.;Nejašmić, 1996.;Nejašmić i Toskić, 2000.;Nejašmić, Bašić i Toskić, 2008.). I u slučaju hipotetske standardizirane opće stope nataliteta izračunate pod pretpostavkom ujednačene dobne strukture svih županija prema prosjeku Republike Hrvatske kao standardnoj vrijednosti, Međimurska županija također izbija u prvi plan (Nejašmić i dr., 2008.).…”