Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Schizophrenia

Mathew, Roy J.; Duncan, Gary C.; Weinman, Maxine L.; Barr, Deborah L.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1982.04290100001001

Cited by 100 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Mean hemispheric rCBF in normal sub jects in the present study was 63.7 for the right and 63.3 for the left and these values are comparable to other reports using l33Xe in halation technique [6,9,[10][11][12].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Schizophrenic Disorders

Kurachi¹,

Kobayashi²,

Matsubara³

et al. 1985

Eur Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Regional cerebral blood flow was measured using a ¹³³Xe inhalation technique in 16 schizophrenic patients and 20 healthy volunteers. The bilateral frontal blood flows in the patient groups were significantly lower than in the control group. In addition, the patient group having auditory hallucination showed a significantly increased blood flow predominantly in the left temporal region. On the other hand, the patient group without auditory hallucination showed a slightly increased flow in the right temporal region. These findings indicate that there are a hypofrontal activity and also a hypertemporoparietal activity in schizophrenics.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…8|. There are dis crepancies, however, in ihc literature be tween the reports regarding mean blood flow value and the distribution of rCBF in schizo phrenics [9][10][11][12]. We will report the results of rCBF using the 133Xe inhalation technique in schizophrenic patients and demonstrate how rCBF correlates with auditory hallucination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Schizophrenic Disorders

Kurachi¹,

Kobayashi²,

Matsubara³

et al. 1985

Eur Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies of cerebral blood flow (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) and metabolism (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)41) have attempted to identify regional abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia. Unfortunately, at least two methodological problems have contributed to inconsistent findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left globus pallidus abnormality in never-medicated patients with schizophrenia.

Early¹,

Reiman²,

Raichle³

et al. 1987

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

225

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by onset in young adulthood, the occurrence of hallucinations and delusions, and the development of enduring psychosocial disability. The pathophysiology of this disorder remains unknown. Studies of cerebral blood flow and metabolism designed to identify brain abnormalities in schizophrenia have been limited by inadequate methods of anatomical localization and the possibility of persistent medication effects. We have now used positron emission tomography and a validated method of anatomical localization in an attempt to identify abnormalities of regional cerebral blood flow in newly diagnosed never-medicated patients with schizophrenia. An exploratory study of 5 patients and 10 normal control subjects identified abnormally high blood flow in the left globus pallidus of patients with schizophrenia. A replication study of 5 additional patients and 10 additional control subjects confirmed this frnding. No other abnormalities were found.Studies of cerebral blood flow (1-9) and metabolism (10-17, 41) have attempted to identify regional abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia. Unfortunately, at least two methodological problems have contributed to inconsistent findings. One important problem is the localization of specific anatomical regions within images of blood flow and metabolism. This problem is attributable to the lack of precise anatomical landmarks within these physiological images. One strategy for anatomical localization identifies regions based on visual inspection of the image; however, this strategy is imprecise, unreliable, and subject to observer bias. Another strategy identifies regions based on comparisons between tomographic images of blood flow and metabolism and an atlas of the brain, such that all planes are parallel to a standard reference plane (e.g., a horizontal plane through the canthomeatal line); however, this strategy may be inaccurate because of the variability in the relationship of the brain to standard craniofacial landmarks. A third strategy compares tomographic images of blood flow and metabolism to a computerized tomography or magnetic resonance image obtained in the same plane; however, this strategy cannot distinguish adjacent regions of gray matter and is uncertain in its ability to provide reliable comparisons among different subjects. (See ref. 18 for a review of these issues.)Another important problem is the physiological effect of antipsychotic medications on measurements of blood flow and metabolism. All but three previous studies (10,17,41) used patients with a history of antipsychotic drug use and withdrawal periods of less than a few weeks. Since the effects of antipsychotic drugs can last for many weeks [e.g., the inhibition of apomorphine-induced stereotopy (19)] or longer [e.g., tardive dyskinesia (20)], these studies cannot account for the possibility of persistent medication effects.We have now used positron emission tomography and a validated method of anatomical localization (18) to identify ...

show abstract

“…Moreover, kynurenine aminotransferaseimmunopositive astrocytes and interneurons in the cerebral cortex and in distinct subcortical areas are in an ideal anatomical position to control local CBF (Guidetti et al, 2007;Herédi et al, 2016). Finally, region specific CBF reductions can be seen in schizophrenic patient suffering psychotomimetic distortions (Liddle et al, 1992;Mathew et al, 1982), whereas the cerebrospinal fluid content of L-KYN and KYNA are significantly elevated ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%