Regional Brain and Ventricular Volumes in Tourette Syndrome

Peterson, Bradley S.; Staib, Lawrence H.; Scahill, Lawrence David; Zhang, Heping; Anderson, Christopher; Leckman, James F.; Cohen, Donald J.; Gore, John C.; Albert, John; Webster, Rebecca

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.5.427

Cited by 278 publications

(246 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…A number of patients in the present study were taking psychotropic medication, which could potentially have influenced the results. This seems unlikely, however, as MRI studies of other patient groups taking similar medications to those used in patients with autism have not reported reductions in the size of the lateral ventricles (Kumra et al, 2000;Peterson et al, 2001;Scherk and Falkai, 2006). Additionally, control subjects in the present study did not differ on traditional ventricular measures from patients receiving medication and medication-free patients, further suggesting that the results of this study are not solely due to the effects of psychotropic medication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Three-dimensional mapping of the lateral ventricles in autism

Vidal¹,

Nicolson

Boire

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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In this study, a computational mapping technique was used to examine the three-dimensional profile of the lateral ventricles in autism. T1-weighted three-dimensional magnetic resonance images of the brain were acquired from 20 males with autism (age: 10.1 ± 3.5 years) and 22 male control subjects (age: 10.7 ± 2.5 years). The lateral ventricles were delineated manually and ventricular volumes were compared between the two groups. Ventricular traces were also converted into statistical threedimensional maps, based on anatomical surface meshes. These maps were used to visualize regional morphological differences in the thickness of the lateral ventricles between patients and controls. Although ventricular volumes measured using traditional methods did not differ significantly between groups, statistical surface maps revealed subtle, highly localized reductions in ventricular size in patients with autism in the left frontal and occipital horns. These localized reductions in the lateral ventricles may result from exaggerated brain growth early in life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Three-dimensional mapping of the lateral ventricles in autism

Vidal¹,

Nicolson

Boire

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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“…Our recent anatomical study of TS, for example, reported increased volumes of dorsal prefrontal and parietal cortices and reduced volumes of inferior occipital regions in subjects with TS compared with normal controls (8,9). In addition, published reports indicate that children with TS have a smaller CC than do normal controls (36).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Unifying the analyses of anatomical and diffusion tensor images using volume‐preserved warping

Hao

Bansal

et al. 2007

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose: To introduce a framework that automatically identifies regions of anatomical abnormality within anatomical MR images and uses those regions in hypothesisdriven selection of seed points for fiber tracking with diffusion tensor (DT) imaging (DTI). Materials and Methods:Regions of interest (ROIs) are first extracted from MR images using an automated algorithm for volume-preserved warping (VPW) that identifies localized volumetric differences across groups. ROIs then serve as seed points for fiber tracking in coregistered DT images. Another algorithm automatically clusters and compares morphologies of detected fiber bundles. We tested our framework using datasets from a group of patients with Tourette's syndrome (TS) and normal controls. Results:Our framework automatically identified regions of localized volumetric differences across groups and then used those regions as seed points for fiber tracking. In our applied example, a comparison of fiber tracts in the two diagnostic groups showed that most fiber tracts failed to correspond across groups, suggesting that anatomical connectivity was severely disrupted in fiber bundles leading from regions of known anatomical abnormality. Conclusion:Our framework automatically detects volumetric abnormalities in anatomical MRIs to aid in generating a priori hypotheses concerning anatomical connectivity that then can be tested using DTI. Additionally, automation enhances the reliability of ROIs, fiber tracking, and fiber clustering. THE GENERAL RUBRIC of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) subsumes various modalities of data acquisition (e.g., T1-and T2-weighted anatomical imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and diffusion tensor (DT) imaging (DTI)), each of which provides unique but complementary information about brain structure and function. Combining data from multiple MRI modalities can provide a more comprehensive view of a subject or group of subjects than can any single MRI modality. For example, anatomical T1-or T2-weighted MR images can help to identify structural boundaries within the gray matter and white matter of the human cerebrum, whereas DTI and its derived measures (e.g., fractional anisotropy [FA], apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC]) provide information about the directional organization of brain tissue that can be used to track nerve-fiber pathways. Moreover, a map of the principal directions for the diffusion of water, generated using DTI, can help to more accurately parcellate the anatomy of the corpus callosum (CC) and other white matter structures (e.g., cingulum, external capsule, and anterior thalamic radiation) (1-4) that appear homogeneous in their contrast and signal intensities in T1-or T2-weighted images.Researchers have long desired to integrate information from both modalities to provide a more comprehensive view of anatomical structure and connectivity in the human brain. The integration of T1-weighted and DT imaging data, however, faces at least two major obstacles: 1) the accurate coregistration of datasets from the two modaliti...

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“…We propose that the larger P300 amplitude observed in the GTS group could be attributable to overactivation of specialized cortical areas. Hyperactivation of the dorsolateral region has been demonstrated to be involved in GTS by past fMRI studies (Peterson et al, 2001). The magnitude of signal change in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was found to be positively correlated with tic severity and its greater activation was also found to be associated with regulation of performance in complex attentional tasks in participants with GTS (Marsh et al, 2007).…”

Section: Effect Of Gilles De La Tourette Syndrome On Erp Profilementioning

confidence: 87%

Influence of comorbid obsessive-compulsive symptoms on brain event-related potentials in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome

Thibault

Felezeu

O’Connor

et al. 2008

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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Approximately 30 to 50% of people suffering from Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (GTS) also fulfill diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Despite this high degree of comorbidity, very few studies have addressed the question of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in GTS patients using specific brain event-related potentials (ERP) responses. The aim of the current study was to quantify neurocognitive aspects of comorbidity, using ERPs. Fourteen adults with GTS (without OCD) were compared to a group of 12 participants with GTS and comorbid obsessive-compulsive symptoms (GTS+OCS), to a group of 15 participants with OCD and to a group of 14 control participants without neurological or psychiatric problems. The P200 and P300 components were recorded during a visual counting oddball task. Results showed intact P200 amplitude in all groups, whilst the P300 amplitude was affected differentially across groups. The P300 oddball effect was reduced in participants in both OCD and GTS+OCS groups in the anterior region. However, the P300 oddball effect was significantly larger in participants of the GTS group compared to all other groups, mostly in the parietal region. These findings suggest that adults with GTS are characterized by enhanced working memory updating processes and that the superimposition of OCS can lead to a reduction of these processes. The discrepancy between our findings and results obtained in previous studies on GTS could reflect the modulating effect of OCS on late ERP components.

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Regional Brain and Ventricular Volumes in Tourette Syndrome

Cited by 278 publications

References 80 publications

Three-dimensional mapping of the lateral ventricles in autism

Three-dimensional mapping of the lateral ventricles in autism

Unifying the analyses of anatomical and diffusion tensor images using volume‐preserved warping

Influence of comorbid obsessive-compulsive symptoms on brain event-related potentials in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome

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