Regional and structural analysis of the manufacturing industry in Turkey

Abstract

The geography of the manufacturing industry has been changing due to technological development, flexible production and reducing transportation costs regarding the new specialization and distribution process in the world. While manufacturing production has been moving from developed countries to the relatively less developed ones, which have become the emerging economies over the last two decades, the concentration of these activities within the countries has always received the attention of researchers. On the other hand, not only the geographical shift but also structural shifts have increasingly been an important phenomenon of the twenty-first century. It is known that the level of technology and innovation makes a significant contribution to regional economic development. Determinants of manufacturing agglomerations have created a wide literature based on different empirical studies. Moreover the structural changes of industry need to be investigated regarding the spatial agglomerations. The aim of this paper is to explore how the factors of manufacturing agglomerations have differentiated due to the technological level across the country. Furthermore, we assume that the agglomeration mechanism is likely to vary across the space. Therefore, we have run both global and local regression models based on the employment data of the 81 NUTS III level regions (provinces) of Turkey in 2012. The results point out B Ferhan Gezici

Winners and losers of rapid growth in Turkey: Analysis of the spatial variability of convergence

“…However, scholarly literature highlight that there are various differences in the fundamentals of the economy before and after 2000s. Besides, evidence for the post–2000s highlight rising spatial heterogeneity in other aspects of regional differences (i.e., industrial production ; Gezici, Walsh, & Kacar, ; Karahasan, ). Therefore, findings should contribute not only to the growing body of discussions on regional disparities, but also should shed light on the spatial variability of income convergence for the post–2000s in Turkey.…”

Regional Variations of Land-Use Development and Land-Use/Cover Change Dynamics: A Case Study of Turkey

“…These land use changes can be attributed to re-location and de-concentration of industrial and commercial activities to peri-urban regions in the north-west, and less developed regions in Anatolia. Though there are similar changes of land use across the regions in the post-2000, the literature has shown that the regional development disparity in Turkey continues in the post-2000 period [66,67,92], as there are considerable differences in the composition of industries and income levels of regions concerning the north-west, the east, and other regions [69,94]. This is also evident from our study, which shows the regional disparities in economic output, population density, and industrial/agricultural employment for the post-2000 period.…”

“…The data acquisition and examination of the spatial data is significant for the urban spatial analysis explaining the change of land-use and pattern. The existing studies researching the regional development issues in Turkey are mainly based on statistical data sources [66][67][68][69]. The use of statistical data is advantageous, reflecting the time continuity during the study period, but such data has the drawback of lacking a spatial component.…”

“…The spatial distribution of industrial activities has enhanced development disparities in the east-west direction. Recent literature on the spatial distribution of manufacturing industries showed that there is persisting spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of industrial enterprises, leaving east regions well behind their western counterparts in the last decades [68,69,94].…”

Innovation success in an emerging economy: A comparison of R&D‐oriented companies in Turkey

“…Even though the numbers of employees in manufacturing is diminishing and the service industries are on the rise in Istanbul, the city region is still the main manufacturing center in Turkey with about 44.32% of all manufacturing enterprises in Turkey (TUIK, 2020d). Besides being the main economic center with 31% of total Turkish GDP in 2018, Istanbul is also the primary region for inward FDIs with the nation's highest share of MNEs (Gezici et al, 2017;TUIK, 2019a). The city and surrounding Marmara region thus accounts for 77.8% imports and 71.01% exports of the nation's total (TUIK, 2020a(TUIK, , 2020b.…”