Regenerative fuel cells: Recent progress, challenges, perspectives and their applications for space energy system

Pu, Zonghua; Zhang, Gaixia; Hassanpour, Amir; Zheng, Dongdong; Wang, Shanyu; Liao, Shijun; Chen, Zhangxin; Sun, Shuhui

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116376

Cited by 73 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] For example, Pt-based materials are unanimously considered as the most promising catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) under acidic conditions. [8][9][10] Nevertheless, the high cost and limited resources of noble metals greatly limit their large-scale application. [11] In this regard, the reasonable design and synthesis of highly active, and inexpensive materials with low noblemetal loading have become the top priority in this field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Synthesis of Transition‐Metal‐Based Carbon‐Group Intermetallic Catalysts for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Wide pH Range

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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Alloying is a well‐accepted strategy for modulating the electronic structures of catalyst materials. Compared to disordered solid‐solution alloys, intermetallic compounds feature ordered atomic arrangements and provide a unique platform with a rich and diverse resource to study the relationships among chemical composition, atomic structure, electronic structure, and properties. Unfortunately, it is still challenging to synthesize the nanostructures of intermetallic compounds for catalysis research. In this study, a series of intermetallic silicides (PtSi, RhSi, Ru2Si3, IrSi), germanide (Ru2Ge3), and stannides (Ru3Sn7, IrSn2, PdSn3, PdSn2) are rationally designed and constructed through a facile molten‐salt‐assisted route. As an example, the PtSi not only shows highly desirable electrocatalytic properties for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with low overpotentials of 22, 38, and 66 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm‐2 in acidic, alkaline, and neutral media, respectively, but exhibits superior durability, as well as >97% faradic efficiency. The theoretical calculations suggest that the introduction of Si to Pt could weaken the binding energy between Pt and H atoms, which further facilitates the hydrogen generation during the HER process. Further, the findings inspired the authors to develop other kinds of metal‐based carbon‐group intermetallic phases with excellent activity in the HER and beyond.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Synthesis of Transition‐Metal‐Based Carbon‐Group Intermetallic Catalysts for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Wide pH Range

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…The key challenges for developing the bifunctional OER/ORR electrocatalysts are their remarkably contrasting overpotentials, rate-determining steps, and active centers for the anodic OER and cathodic ORR. 16 Even the most promising Pt-based ORR catalyst and Ir/Ru-based OER catalyst do not meet the criteria of an OER/ORR bifunctional electrocatalyst. 17 A few Pt-based alloys such as Pt/Ru 18 and Pt/Ir 19 appear to be promising OER electrocatalysts, but the high cost and scarce resources prohibit their utilization in large-scale applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional Catalytic Activity of Solvothermally Synthesized CeO₂ Nanosphere/NiO Nanoflake Nanocomposites

Ghosh

Kumar

Raj

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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The design and development of bifunctional electrocatalysts that can catalyze both the oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction (OER/ORR) is a burning issue for energy conversion and storage technologies. Herein, we demonstrate the bifunctional activity of CeO2 nanospheres embedded in NiO nanoflakes. The CeO2/NiO nanocomposites are synthesized solvothermally by varying their molar ratios. Among the synthesized nanocomposites, CeO2/NiO-2 exhibits an outstanding OER/ORR activity compared to those of individual counterparts and other compositions and outperforms the benchmark ORR catalyst Pt/C and the OER catalyst IrO2 in terms of stability. The CeO2/NiO-2 nanocomposite shows the low onset potential of 1.47 and 0.8 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) for OER and ORR, respectively. Moreover, a low potential difference (i.e., ΔE) of 0.86 V between the potential for 10 mA cm–2 OER current density and the ORR half-wave potential for CeO2/NiO-2 makes it an efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst. The excellent bifunctional activity of the nanocomposite is ascribed to the electronic synergy between CeO2 and NiO, which leads to the formation of an increased number of oxygen vacancy defects as well as more accessible active sites at an optimum molar ratio of CeO2 and NiO. The unique morphology of CeO2 nanospheres embedded in NiO nanoflakes facilitates the exposure of surface-active sites with the bifunctional nature of the catalyst. The practical applicability of the CeO2/NiO-2 nanocomposite is demonstrated with a Zn–air battery, which delivers 1.41 V open-circuit voltage and 105.0 mW cm–2 peak power density. It has long-term cycling stability for 22 h with negligible voltaic efficiency loss.

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“…New electrocatalytic nanomaterials, such as metals, metal oxides, and non-metals have been widely synthesized in different media, focusing on understanding how to control the geometric shape, sizes, composition, architecture, and micro-/nanostructures. They provide an effective strategy to control their reactivity and catalytic properties for their applications as electrode materials in electrochemical reactions, in electrical energy storage devices, and in fuel cells [ 37 , 38 , 39 ]. Doping or coupling another metal to form an alloy could reconstruct the catalyst surface state, which could change the binding energy of intermediates on the surface during the reaction [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

Tellez-Cruz¹,

et al. 2021

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The study of the electrochemical catalyst conversion of renewable electricity and carbon oxides into chemical fuels attracts a great deal of attention by different researchers. The main role of this process is in mitigating the worldwide energy crisis through a closed technological carbon cycle, where chemical fuels, such as hydrogen, are stored and reconverted to electricity via electrochemical reaction processes in fuel cells. The scientific community focuses its efforts on the development of high-performance polymeric membranes together with nanomaterials with high catalytic activity and stability in order to reduce the platinum group metal applied as a cathode to build stacks of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) to work at low and moderate temperatures. The design of new conductive membranes and nanoparticles (NPs) whose morphology directly affects their catalytic properties is of utmost importance. Nanoparticle morphologies, like cubes, octahedrons, icosahedrons, bipyramids, plates, and polyhedrons, among others, are widely studied for catalysis applications. The recent progress around the high catalytic activity has focused on the stabilizing agents and their potential impact on nanomaterial synthesis to induce changes in the morphology of NPs.

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Regenerative fuel cells: Recent progress, challenges, perspectives and their applications for space energy system

Cited by 73 publications

References 128 publications

General Synthesis of Transition‐Metal‐Based Carbon‐Group Intermetallic Catalysts for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Wide pH Range

General Synthesis of Transition‐Metal‐Based Carbon‐Group Intermetallic Catalysts for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Wide pH Range

Bifunctional Catalytic Activity of Solvothermally Synthesized CeO₂ Nanosphere/NiO Nanoflake Nanocomposites

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

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Regenerative fuel cells: Recent progress, challenges, perspectives and their applications for space energy system

Cited by 73 publications

References 128 publications

General Synthesis of Transition‐Metal‐Based Carbon‐Group Intermetallic Catalysts for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Wide pH Range

General Synthesis of Transition‐Metal‐Based Carbon‐Group Intermetallic Catalysts for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Wide pH Range

Bifunctional Catalytic Activity of Solvothermally Synthesized CeO2 Nanosphere/NiO Nanoflake Nanocomposites

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): Advances and Challenges

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Bifunctional Catalytic Activity of Solvothermally Synthesized CeO₂ Nanosphere/NiO Nanoflake Nanocomposites