Regenerative capacity of augmented bone in rat calvarial guided bone augmentation model

Abstract

PurposeGuided bone regeneration (GBR) is the most widely used technique to regenerate and augment bones. Even though augmented bones (ABs) have been examined histologically in many studies, few studies have been conducted to examine the biological potential of these bones and the healing dynamics following their use. Moreover, whether the bone obtained from the GBR procedure possesses the same functions as the existing autogenous bone is uncertain. In particular, little attention has been paid to the regenerative ability of GBR bone. Therefore, the present study histologically evaluated the regenerative capacity of AB in the occlusive space of a rat guided bone augmentation (GBA) model.MethodsThe calvaria of 30 rats were exposed, and plastic caps were placed on the right of the calvaria in 10 of the 30 rats. After a 12-week healing phase, critical-sized calvarial bone defects (diameter: 5.0 mm) were trephined into the dorsal parietal bone on the left of the calvaria. Bone particles were harvested from the AB or the cortical bone (CB) using a bone scraper and transplanted into the critical defects.ResultsThe newly generated bone at the defects' edge was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological sections. In the micro-CT analysis, the radiopacity in both the augmented and the CB groups remained high throughout the observational period. In the histological analysis, the closure rate of the CB was significantly higher than in the AB group. The numbers of cells positive for runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in the AB group were larger than in the CB group.ConclusionsThe regenerative capacity of AB in the occlusive space of the rat GBA model was confirmed. Within the limitations of this study, the regenerative ability of the AB particulate transplant was inferior to that of the CB particulate transplant.

Osteoinductive Moldable and Curable Bone Substitutes Based on Collagen, BMP-2 and Highly Porous Polylactide Granules, or a Mix of HAP/β-TCP

“…These results allow us to compare developed compositions with different types of bone graft materials. According to studies, implantation of autogenous bone chips into a rat critical-sized calvarial defect leads to the formation of a small bone volume: 8.9 ± 4.3% [23] or 6.6 ± 1.8% [24]. In our experiment, the implantation of the compositions led to 23 ± 8% to 61 ± 15% new bone volume.…”

Assessment of stem cell viability in the initial healing period in rabbits with a cranial bone defect according to the type and form of scaffold

“…A variety of materials for bone reconstruction have been used to treat bone defects caused by various diseases or trauma [1]. Autogenous bone is recognized to be the gold standard as a graft material due to its osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive properties [2]. The disadvantage of autogenous bone lies in its quick resorption after transplantation, lower space maintenance, and the need for an additional surgical procedure during harvest [34].…”

Bioglass/collagen scaffolds combined with bone marrow stromal cells on bone healing in an experimental model in cranial defects in rats

“…A bone trephine drill (3i Implant Innovations Inc., Palm Beach Gardens, USA), under copious saline irrigation, was used for to create an 8 mm critical bone defect. 33,34 Sample of BG, BG/COL and BG/COL scaffolds enriched with BMSCs were implanted in the created defects (following a randomization scheme), followed by the suture of the periosteum and skin with nylon (Agraven ® ; InstruVet BV, Cuijk, Netherlands). In the BG/COL/BMSC group, 1 × 10 6 BMSCs were directly seeded on the BG/COL scaffolds and incubated at 37°C for 1 h to allow the cells to attach and integrate to the biomaterial prior to implantation.…”