Regeneration of the intestinal mucosa in Eimeria and E. Coli challenged broilers supplemented with amino acids

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the regeneration of the intestinal mucosa in Eimeria and E. coli challenged broilers supplemented with glutamine, arginine, and threonine. Six hundred male broilers at one d of age from the Cobb strain were utilized. The design was completely randomized using a 2×3 factorial design (unchallenged and challenged and 3 diets). A commercial diet was used as a control and 2 other diets were formulated with glutamine (1.5 and 3% Aminogut®), arginine (1 and 2% L-Arginine), and threonine (1 and 2% L-threonine). The animals that consumed diets supplemented with amino acids presented better (P<0.05) feed conversion in the period from one to 42 d of age. The ability of cell proliferation and the villus:crypt ratio in response to enteric challenge were greater (P<0.05) for broilers that received diets supplemented with amino acids. High levels of amino acids in the experimental feeds reflected in greater protein levels in poultry house litter, and they did not interfere with ammonia production. The supplementation of diets with trophic amino acids can positively contribute to the regeneration and proliferation of the intestinal mucosa in broilers and to the maintenance of zootechnical performance when submitted to enteric challenges.

Dietary supplementation with free methionine or methionine dipeptide mitigates intestinal oxidative stress induced by Eimeria spp. challenge in broiler chickens

“…Previous studies showed that broilers challenged with Eimeria spp. have poor performance in part because of structural and functional changes that occur in the intestinal mucosa during the infection [5, 7, 8]. We observed that EC chickens had FI and BWG 13% and 37% lower than UC chickens, respectively.…”

“…During the infection, the immune [1] and antioxidant systems are activated [2], and alterations in nutrient digestion and absorption occur [3–5]. Several studies reported that animals with coccidiosis show changes in intestinal morphology [6, 7], alterations in the expression of genes encoding digestive enzymes and transport proteins in the small intestine [5, 8], increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [9], alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities [2, 10], and reduced concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants [11]. These changes are associated with poor animal performance, low efficiency, and increased mortality, causing global economic losses every year [12].…”

Nutritional significance of amino acids, vitamins and minerals as nutraceuticals in poultry production and health – a comprehensive review

“…Thus, amino acids are beneficial in improving the general physiological status(Bouyeh et al 2016), immunizing against infectious diseases(Faluyi et al 2015), and stabilizing under noninfectious or managemental conditions(Saleh et al 2018) thereby enhancing the production performance of birds(Ghoreyshi et al 2019). Previous studies showed that broilers challenged with any infection had poor performance because of structural and functional changes that occured in the intestinal mucosa during the infection (Su et al 2015;Gottardo et al 2016). Enteric infections in broilers may have a large influence on the endogenous amino acids losses within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).…”

Diagnosis of Brachyspira pilosicoli, Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Brachyspira intermedia in hens and laying hens in the western region of Paraná through bacterial isolation and identification in qPCR

“…For the goblet cell count, the cecum sections were analyzed under the microscope and the number of cells from ten random fields were counted, the marked goblet cells were accounted and from these values an average was obtained according to Gottardo et al (2016).…”