Regeneration of teleost fish scale

Bereiter‐Hahn, Jürgen; Zylberberg, Louise

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(93)90262-3

Cited by 162 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In all vertebrates, blood calcium levels are strictly kept at a constant concentration (around 2.5 mM) in spite of changing the internal milieu or external environment (Dacke, 1979). The scales of teleosts have an important role in regulating blood calcium because teleost scales, having both osteoblasts and osteoclasts, are known to function as potential internal calcium reservoirs similar to those in the endoskeletons of mammals, especially during increased calcium demand, such as sexual maturation or starvation (Yamada, 1961;Berg, 1968;Mugiya and Watabe, 1977;Bereiter-Hahn and Zylberberg, 1993;Suzuki et al, 2000;Yoshikubo et al, 2005;Suzuki et al, 2007;Ohira et al, 2007). We detected both cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) mRNA expression in the osteoclasts of goldfish scales (Azuma et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium fluoride induces hypercalcemia resulting from the upregulation of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in goldfish, Carassius auratus

Sato

Hanmoto

Yachiguchi

et al. 2016

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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The influence of sodium fluoride (NaF) on calcium metabolism was examined in goldfish (fresh water teleost). At 2 days after administration of NaF (500 ng/g body weight; 5µg/g body weight)(around 10 -5 to 10 -4 M in goldfish), we indicated that plasma calcium levels upregulated in both doses of NaF-treated goldfish. To examine the mechanism of hypercalcemia by NaF treatments, therefore, direct effects of NaF on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in goldfish were investigated by an original assay system using teleost scale which has osteoblasts, osteoclasts and bone matrix. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the scales increased with the treatment of NaF (10 -6 and 10 -5 M) during 6 hours of incubation. Also, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity increased after exposure to NaF (10 -5 M) at the 6 hours of incubation. To investigate the osteoclastic activation, the mRNA expression of osteoclastogenesis related factors were examined. The receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) which is known as a factor for osteoclastogenesis, increased in the NaF-treated scales after 6 hours of incubation.The ratio of RANKL/osteoprotegerin (osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor) significantly increased after 6 hours of incubation. Resulting from the increase of RANKL mRNA level, the expression of transcription-regulating factors was significantly increased. Furthermore, the expression of functional genes, cathepsin K and matrix metalloproteinase-9 mRNA, was significantly increased. In our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the effects of NaF on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in teleosts. We concluded that NaF influences calcium metabolism via osteoclastic activation in goldfish.3 Keywords: sodium fluoride; osteoblasts; osteoclasts; scales; calcium metabolism; RANKL;OPG; goldfish Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; CTSK, cathepsin K; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase-9; NFATc1, nuclear factor of activated T-cells and cytoplasmic 1; TRAF6, TNF receptor-associated factor 6; TRAP, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; OPG, osteoprotegerin; RANK, receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ; RANKL, receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand 4

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium fluoride induces hypercalcemia resulting from the upregulation of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in goldfish, Carassius auratus

Sato

Hanmoto

Yachiguchi

et al. 2016

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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“…The scales are a functional internal calcium reservoir during periods of increased calcium demand, such as sexual maturation and starvation [5,[7][8][9][10][11]. In the scale, as in mammalian bone, type I collagen [12], bone -carboxyglutamic acid protein [13], osteonectin [14,15], and hydroxyapatite [16] are present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathyroid hormone 1 (1–34) acts on the scales and involves calcium metabolism in goldfish

Suzuki

Danks

Maruyama

et al. 2011

Bone

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The effect of fugu parathyroid hormone 1 (fugu PTH1) on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in teleosts was examined with an assay system using teleost scale and the following markers: alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for osteoblasts and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) for osteoclasts. Synthetic fugu PTH1 (1-34) (100 pg/ml to 10 ng/ml) significantly increased ALP activity at 6 h of incubation. High-dose (10 ng/ml) fugu PTH1 significantly increased ALP activity even after 18 h of incubation. In the case of TRAP activity, fugu PTH1 did not change at 6 h of incubation, but fugu PTH1 (100 pg/ml to 10 ng/ml) significantly increased TRAP activity at 18 h. Similar results were obtained for human PTH (1-34), but there was an even greater response with fugu PTH1 than with human PTH. In vitro, we demonstrated that both the receptor activator of the NF-B ligand in osteoblasts and the receptor activator NF-B mRNA expression in osteoclasts increased significantly by fugu PTH1 treatment. In an in vivo experiment, fugu PTH1 induced hypercalcemia resulted from the increase of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in the scale as well as the decrease of scale calcium contents after fugu PTH1 injection. In addition, an in vitro experiment with intramuscular autotransplanted scale indicated that the ratio of multinucleated osteoclasts/mononucleated osteoclasts in PTH-treated scales was significantly higher than that in the control scales. Thus, we concluded that PTH acts on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the scales and regulates calcium metabolism in goldfish.3

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“…Zebrafish acutely regenerate heart (1), fins (2), optic nerve (3), scales (4) and spinal cord (5). To identify the molecular mechanisms of regeneration, we performed a genetic screen for mutant zebrafish with defects in fin and cardiac regeneration (1,6,7).…”

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confidence: 99%

Heat-shock protein 60 is required for blastema formation and maintenance during regeneration

Makino

Whitehead

Lien

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Zebrafish fin regeneration requires the formation and maintenance of blastema cells. Blastema cells are not derived from stem cells but behave as such, because they are slow-cycling and are thought to provide rapidly proliferating daughter cells that drive regenerative outgrowth. The molecular basis of blastema formation is not understood. Here, we show that heat-shock protein 60 (hsp60) is required for blastema formation and maintenance. We used a chemical mutagenesis screen to identify no blastema (nbl), a zebrafish mutant with an early fin regeneration defect. Fin regeneration failed in nbl due to defective blastema formation. nbl also failed to regenerate hearts. Positional cloning and mutational analyses revealed that nbl results from a V324E missense mutation in hsp60. This mutation reduced hsp60 function in binding and refolding denatured proteins. hsp60 expression is increased during formation of blastema cells, and dysfunction leads to mitochondrial defects and apoptosis in these cells. These data indicate that hsp60 is required for the formation and maintenance of regenerating tissue.blastema ͉ regeneration ͉ zebrafish ͉ genetics ͉ stress response

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Regeneration of teleost fish scale

Cited by 162 publications

References 67 publications

Sodium fluoride induces hypercalcemia resulting from the upregulation of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in goldfish, Carassius auratus

Sodium fluoride induces hypercalcemia resulting from the upregulation of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in goldfish, Carassius auratus

Parathyroid hormone 1 (1–34) acts on the scales and involves calcium metabolism in goldfish

Heat-shock protein 60 is required for blastema formation and maintenance during regeneration

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