Regeneration of Raw Hide Water Balance by Electrochemically Activated Water

Abstract

Improving the collagen structure, which was impacted by the curing process, increases the efficiency of all subsequent structural transformations during leather production and results in the formation of a high-quality leather material. Herein, we studied the process of soaking green-salted horsehides in electrochemically activated aqueous solutions and the properties of resulting chrome-tanned leather. It was found that the process of soaking horsehides can be effectively carried out using an electrochemically activated solution (ECAS) – a mixture of catholyte and anolyte at a volume ratio of 5 : 1. Using this soaking solution, sodium sulfide (an environmentally harmful reagent), sodium carbonate, and detergent can be completely excluded from the technological solution. The use of ECAS at the soaking stage effectively regenerates the water balance of horsehides while maintaining a stable pH during the soaking process and increases the efficacy of liming and all subsequent processes. Considering the prominent structural differences (density and thickness) between the front and shell of horsehide, the developed method, which utilize ECAS for soaking, allows the entire process to be carried out on uncut horse hides instead of processing two parts separately, which is normally required. The chrome-tanned leather produced by the developed method in semi-industrial conditions has elastic-plastic properties which are superior compared to the leather produced by current technology. The developed method also results in increasing the area yield by 2.5%. The resulting elastic leather can be used for manufacturing a variety of articles, including clothing, accessories, and footwear.

Optimization of Rawhide Collagen Defibrillization Process

“…Harrington's desirability function was used in this study, which showed sufficient efficiency compared to other desirability functions [25]. The effectiveness of the desirability-based approach compared to other multi-purpose optimization strategies has been confirmed by numerous studies [26][27][28][29]. It should be noted that the optimization of the generalized desirability criterion may be accompanied by computational difficulties due to the complex structure of this criterion.…”

Prospects of the use of anolyte in the leather and fur industry

“…При электрохимической активации солевых растворов в составе анолита могут присутствовать хлорноватистая кислота, гипохлорит-ион, соединения активного кислорода [13][14][15][16][17]. Для предупреждения кислотного нажора шкурок норки в растворе анолита в него вводили хлорид натрия различной концентрации (табл.…”

“…Таким образом, можно констатировать, что применение анолита для отмоки шкурок норки, позволяет интенсифицировать этот процесс и предохранить шкурки от бактериального повреждения без использования биоцидных препаратов [8; 13-16]. Кроме того, обработка в растворе анолита будет способствовать предохранению шкурок от бактериального повреждения в период выполнения промежуточных операций между отмокой и пикелеванием [17].…”

“…При электрохимической активации солевых растворов в составе анолита могут присутствовать хлорноватистая кислота, гипохлорит-ион, соединения активного кислорода [13][14][15][16][17] Как видно из представленных данных, при уменьшении концентрации хлорида натрия в составе пикеля на основе анолита 1, толщина выделанной шкурки норки увеличивается, что может являться следствием нажора кожевой ткани в кислой среде. Однако для образцов, обработанных анолитом 1 в присутствии 5 г/л хлорида натрия зафиксировано максимальное значение удлинения при стандартной нагрузке, что свидетельствует о высоких пластических свойствах этих образцов.…”

From leather wastes to leather: enhancement of low quality leather using collagen recovered from leather tanned wastes

“…Filling phase is, therefore, the introduction of substances able to penetrate leather and fill the voids of the fibers (Taylor et al 2006;Liu et al 2020). The formulation of the filling agents determines the final properties of the treated leather (Danylkovych and Korotych 2019): the ideal filler has to be highly compatible with leather, well soluble in water, capable to penetrate into leather matrix and to bond itself to collagen, and able to homogeneously fill the loosen parts (Yorgancioglu et al 2020a).…”