Refusals and Delay of Immunization Within Southwest Alberta

Kulig, Judith C.; Meyer, Cathy J.; Hill, Shirley A.; Handley, C.; Lichtenberger, Sue M.; Myck, Sharon L.

doi:10.1007/bf03404549

Cited by 27 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Additionally, approximately one third (33%) of parents who do not vaccinate their children cite religious or philosophical reasons (Gilbert et al 2017), which may further contribute to the low vaccination rates in some rural communities (Bell et al 2015). Even though there are only a few studies in this review examining these factors, these findings are consistent with studies showing that vaccine hesitancy is related to alternative medicine practices (Dubé et al 2016b ;Dubé et al 2013;Frawley et al 2018;McNeil et al 2019) and religious beliefs in Canada (Dubé et al 2018;Kulig et al 2002) and elsewhere in the world (Kershaw et al 2014;Rainey et al 2011;SAGE Working Group 2014;Spaan et al 2017).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Vaccine hesitancy among parents of preschoolers in Canada: a systematic literature review

Schellenberg

Crizzle

2020

Can J Public Health

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Objectives The purpose was to synthesize the available literature on what factors influence vaccine hesitancy of parents of preschoolers in Canada. Methods Databases (e.g., CINAHL, PubMed, OVID, Proquest) were searched for relevant research articles produced between January 2009 and October 2019. Articles were required to examine vaccine uptake in children aged 0-7, in the English language, and focused within a Canadian context. Articles were excluded if they focused on uptake of the influenza vaccine and if the study population was children with chronic health conditions. A total of 367 articles were reviewed and 12 met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Synthesis This review found that between 50% and 70% of children are completely vaccinated at 2 years old, with up to 97% having received at least one vaccine, and 2-5% receiving no vaccines. This review found that trust and access to health care providers is significantly associated with vaccine uptake, likely more important than parents' vaccine knowledge, and may compensate for challenges related to socioeconomic status and family dynamics. Conclusion Vaccine programs need to be created that are accessible to all families, with an awareness of the significant impact of trust on vaccine uptake. Future research should include consistent measures of vaccine uptake, and data from First Nation communities, and should examine how increased trust between health care providers and parents of preschool children would increase vaccine uptake in Canada. Résumé Objectifs Synthétiser la documentation disponible sur les facteurs qui influent sur l'hésitation vaccinale des parents d'enfants d'âge préscolaire au Canada. Méthode Des bases de données (CINAHL, PubMed, OVID, Proquest) ont été interrogées pour recenser les articles de recherche pertinents produits entre janvier 2009 et octobre 2019. Les articles devaient porter sur les taux de vaccination des enfants de la naissance à 7 ans, être rédigés en anglais et se concentrer sur le contexte canadien. Ont été exclus les articles portant sur les taux de vaccination contre l'influenza et ceux dont la population étudiée était constituée d'enfants atteints de problèmes de santé chroniques. Sur les 367 articles examinés, 12 répondaient aux critères d'inclusion dans notre revue systématique. Synthèse Selon la revue, entre 50 et 70 % des enfants sont entièrement vaccinés à l'âge de 2 ans, jusqu'à 97 % ont reçu au moins un vaccin, et entre 2 et 5 % n'en ont reçu aucun. La confiance envers les professionnels de santé et l'accès à ces professionnels présentent une corrélation significative avec les taux de vaccination; cette confiance et cet accès sont probablement plus importants que les connaissances des parents sur les vaccins, et ils pourraient compenser les difficultés liées au statut socioéconomique et aux dynamiques familiales.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Vaccine hesitancy among parents of preschoolers in Canada: a systematic literature review

Schellenberg

Crizzle

2020

Can J Public Health

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“…These findings are in line with the results of previous research showing that orthodox protestant youngsters in the Netherlands were far more interested in the religious aspects of vaccination than in the medical aspects [ 26 ]. In a Canadian study on refusal of immunization, it was also reported that for Dutch immigrants (belonging to religious congregations related to the denominations described here) religious arguments were decisive [ 27 ]. However, in both these studies orthodox Protestants who accepted vaccination were not included.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How orthodox protestant parents decide on the vaccination of their children: a qualitative study

et al. 2012

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Background Despite high vaccination coverage, there have recently been epidemics of vaccine preventable diseases in the Netherlands, largely confined to an orthodox protestant minority with religious objections to vaccination. The orthodox protestant minority consists of various denominations with either low, intermediate or high vaccination coverage. All orthodox protestant denominations leave the final decision to vaccinate or not up to their individual members. Methods To gain insight into how orthodox protestant parents decide on vaccination, what arguments they use, and the consequences of their decisions, we conducted an in-depth interview study of both vaccinating and non-vaccinating orthodox protestant parents selected via purposeful sampling. The interviews were thematically coded by two analysts using the software program Atlas.ti. The initial coding results were reviewed, discussed, and refined by the analysts until consensus was reached. Emerging concepts were assessed for consistency using the constant comparative method from grounded theory. Results After 27 interviews, data saturation was reached. Based on characteristics of the decision-making process (tradition vs. deliberation) and outcome (vaccinate or not), 4 subgroups of parents could be distinguished: traditionally non-vaccinating parents, deliberately non-vaccinating parents, deliberately vaccinating parents, and traditionally vaccinating parents. Except for the traditionally vaccinating parents, all used predominantly religious arguments to justify their vaccination decisions. Also with the exception of the traditionally vaccinating parents, all reported facing fears that they had made the wrong decision. This fear was most tangible among the deliberately vaccinating parents who thought they might be punished immediately by God for vaccinating their children and interpreted any side effects as a sign to stop vaccinating. Conclusions Policy makers and health care professionals should stimulate orthodox protestant parents to make a deliberate vaccination choice but also realize that a deliberate choice does not necessarily mean a choice to vaccinate.

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“…Some respondents also cited religion as a reason for refusal, stating that certain religious organizations actively discourage vaccinations among its members. Kulig, Meyer, Hill, Handley, Lichtenberger, and Myck [18] did a similar study but in the Nigerian setting and they discovered that Muslim mothers made up the majority of respondents who opted not to have their children immunized. Religion was also seen as the main factor for the decision of these mothers in Nigeria.…”

Section: Reasons For Child Immunization Refusal Among Parentsmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Barriers of Child Immunization Completion among Parents in the Community Health Centre, Johor Bahru

Hussin¹,

Marzo

Mamat

et al. 2020

JPRI

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Introduction: Immunization is one of the most cost-effective strategies for reducing child mortality. There is a vital need to assess parents’ barriers involving child immunization completion to improve and increase vaccination coverage and completeness. Objective: To determine the barriers of child immunization completion among parents in the Community Health Centre of Johor Bahru. Methodology: The Maternal and Child Health Clinic, Jalan Abdul Samad providing primary immunization was selected via non-random and convenience sampling. Children between1 month to 2 years old who were immunized were identified. Data were obtained from parents who brought in their children for primary vaccination at the Maternal and Child Health Clinic, Jalan Abdul Samad. Results: The response rate for this study was 100% (n=306). All the eligible parents who were approached by the researchers agreed to participate in this research. Out of all respondents, 3 (1.0%) completely refused the immunization of their child, 23 (7.5%) defaulted with the immunization, and 280 (91.5%) completed the immunization. In terms of perception towards immunization, 60 or 19.6% of the total respondents stated that their preference for alternative treatments is their main reason if they decide not to have their children vaccinated. After adjusting for socio-demographic differences, the researchers discovered that parents who have significantly lower coverage for all 10 childhood vaccines themselves were less likely to agree that vaccines are necessary to protect the health of children, to believe that their child might get a disease if they aren't vaccinated, or to believe that vaccines are safe. Conclusion: This first systematic evaluation of immunization refusal in Malaysia showed that a small number of parents refused immunization.

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Refusals and Delay of Immunization Within Southwest Alberta

Cited by 27 publications

References 8 publications

Vaccine hesitancy among parents of preschoolers in Canada: a systematic literature review

Vaccine hesitancy among parents of preschoolers in Canada: a systematic literature review

How orthodox protestant parents decide on the vaccination of their children: a qualitative study

The Barriers of Child Immunization Completion among Parents in the Community Health Centre, Johor Bahru

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