Refugia and Speciation in North American Scarlet Snakes (<i>Cemophora</i>)

Weinell, Jeffrey L.; Austin, Christopher C.

doi:10.1670/15-125

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Rather, effective migration across the entire P. melanoleucus range appears to be moderate, with even slightly increased effective migration in parts of South Carolina and Florida. These results contrast previous squamate phylogeography studies (Burbrink, Fontanella, Pyron, Guiher, & Jimenez, 2008; Burbrink et al, 2000; Weinell & Austin, 2017, Myers et al, 2020) which tend to show substantial genetic variation between populations and clade memberships occurring on opposite sides of different river drainages. Discord among results from our phylogenetic and population genomic structuring analyses compared to other squamate taxa within the Eastern Nearctic may feasibly be underpinned by the dispersal capabilities of these species.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the Eastern Nearctic is a large biogeographic region that spans much of North America and harbors multiple biodiversity hotspots and several well-known biogeographic barriers that reduce gene flow among populations of different species in predictable ways (Burbrink & Guiher, 2015;Burbrink, Lawson, & Slowinski, 2000;McKelvy & Burbrink, 2017;Myers, McKelvy, & Burbrink, 2020). As such, previous studies have shown that the population genomic structure of squamate reptiles within this region tends to correlate with the Apalachicola and Mississippi river drainages (Alexander Burbrink et al, 2000;Weinell & Austin, 2017). However, the impacts of biogeographic heterogeneity on population genetic structure may be taxon specific (as reviewed by Soltis et al, 2006), depending on species range distributions, genetic diversity, and overall vagility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fine scale population structure and extensive gene flow within an Eastern Nearctic snake complex (Pituophis melanoleucus)

Nikolakis

Orton

Crother

2021

Preprint

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Understanding the processes and mechanisms that promote lineage divergence is a central goal in evolutionary biology. For instance, studies investigating the spatial distribution of genomic variation often highlight biogeographic barriers underpinning geographic isolation, as well as patterns of isolation by environment and isolation by distance that can also lead to lineage divergence. However, the patterns and processes that shape genomic variation and drive lineage divergence may be taxa-specific, even across closely related taxa co-occurring within the same biogeographic region. Here, we use molecular data in the form of ultra-conserved elements (UCEs) to infer the evolutionary relationships and population genomic structure of the Eastern Pinesnake complex (Pituophis melanoleucus) – a polytypic wide-ranging species that occupies much of the Eastern Nearctic. In addition to inferring evolutionary relationships, population genomic structure, and gene flow, we also test relationships between genomic diversity and putative barriers to dispersal, environmental variation, and geographic distance. We present results that reveal shallow population genomic structure and ongoing gene flow, despite an extensive geographic range that transcends geographic features found to reduce gene flow among many taxa, including other squamate reptiles within the Eastern Nearctic. Further, our results indicate that the observed genomic diversity is spatially distributed as a pattern of isolation by distance and suggest that the current subspecific taxonomy do not adhere to independent lineages, but rather, show a significant amount of admixture across the entire P. melanoleucus range.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine scale population structure and extensive gene flow within an Eastern Nearctic snake complex (Pituophis melanoleucus)

Nikolakis

Orton

Crother

2021

Preprint

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“…The comparisons led Williams and Wilson (1967) to hypothesize that C. ( c. ) lineri was more closely related to the more geographically distant C. c. coccinea than to the nearer C. c. copei , which they attributed to climactic conditions that led to a splitting of C. coccinea during the Pleistocene. Weinell and Austin (2017) proposed elevating the subspecies to C. lineri based on their genetic analysis; that analysis indicated that C. lineri diverged from the C. coccinea in the Pliocene or early Pleistocene and that C. lineri is monophyletic, while C. c. coccinea and C. c. copei are paraphyletic. Crother et al (2017) and other taxonomic sources adopted that taxonomy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to their genetic work, Weinell and Austin (2017) performed a phenotypic analysis of five southern Texas specimens (including the NPI specimen: TNHC 86866) and the two specimens used by Williams et al (1966) in the original description. In rough concurrence with Williams et al (1966) , they found that C. lineri differed most distinctly from C. coccinea in the number of VSR (178–195; x̄ = 186.1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of North Padre Island, Texas, USA, with comparisons to adjacent barrier island and mainland herpetofauna

Duran¹

2021

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Padre Island is the world’s longest barrier island and includes the longest stretch of undeveloped barrier island in the world. Largely due to harsh environmental conditions and difficult access, only cursory and incomplete checklists and subjective estimates of abundance have been produced. The results of an inventory of amphibians and reptiles of North Padre Island conducted 2002–2020, including the results of extensive field surveys conducted 2002–2003, are reported herein. Natural history museum and iNaturalist records are summarized and compared among North and South Padre and Mustang islands and the mainland portion of the seven counties in which the islands occur. The conservation status of rare species and extirpation of others is noted. The morphology and taxonomic status of some unique occurrences are discussed. Eleven species of amphibians and 39 species of reptiles presently occur or have occurred naturally or as introduced or accidental species on North Padre Island. Twelve species of amphibians and 50 species of reptiles occur or have occurred on North Padre, South Padre, and Mustang islands. Thirty-one species of amphibians and 93 species of reptiles have been reported from the seven counties in which the islands occur.

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“…In the south‐eastern USA, scarlet kingsnakes ( Lampropeltis elapsoides ) and scarlet snakes ( Cemophora coccinea ) mimic eastern coral snakes ( Micrurus fulvius ). In the southcentral USA, Western milk snakes ( Lampropeltis gentilis ), C. coccinea , and the recently described Texas scarlet snake ( Cemophora lineri ; Weinell & Austin, ) mimic Texas coral snakes ( Micrurus tener ). All of the C. coccinea and C. lineri that co‐occurred with M. tener were considered to be one mimic (Western C. coccinea ) as the two species do not differ in any mimetic traits and share the same model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic variation in mimetic precision among different species of coral snake mimics

Akcali

Pfennig

2017

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Batesian mimicry is widespread, but whether and why different species of mimics vary geographically in resemblance to their model is unclear. We characterized geographic variation in mimetic precision among four Batesian mimics of coral snakes. Each mimic occurs where its model is abundant (i.e. in 'deep sympatry'), rare (i.e. at the sympatry/allopatry boundary or 'edge sympatry') and absent (i.e. in allopatry). Geographic variation in mimetic precision was qualitatively different among these mimics. In one mimic, the most precise individuals occurred in edge sympatry; in another, they occurred in deep sympatry; in the third, they occurred in allopatry; and in the fourth, precise mimics were not concentrated anywhere throughout their range. Mimicry was less precise in allopatry than in sympatry in only two mimics. We present several nonmutually exclusive hypotheses for these patterns. Generally, examining geographic variation in mimetic precision - within and among different mimics - offers novel insights into the causes and consequences of mimicry.

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Refugia and Speciation in North American Scarlet Snakes (Cemophora)

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Fine scale population structure and extensive gene flow within an Eastern Nearctic snake complex (Pituophis melanoleucus)

Fine scale population structure and extensive gene flow within an Eastern Nearctic snake complex (Pituophis melanoleucus)

An annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of North Padre Island, Texas, USA, with comparisons to adjacent barrier island and mainland herpetofauna

Geographic variation in mimetic precision among different species of coral snake mimics

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