Refuges for biodiversity conservation: A review of the evidence

Selwood, Katherine E.; Zimmer, Heidi C.

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108502

Cited by 65 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In principle, establishing a judiciously placed network of well-protected, climate-resistant locations could help to repopulate or restore the broader land-and seascape, if greenhouse gas emissions are sufficiently curtailed to stabilize temperatures later this century. 14,15 On coral reefs, the utility of this emerging approach depends on the ability to accurately identify Current Biology 31, 1-7, December 6, 2021 ª 2021 Elsevier Inc. 1 ll contemporary and future spatial refuges from bleaching; [15][16][17] the production, dispersal, and recruitment of coral larvae; 18,19 and the extent to which the responses of corals to heat stress change as they experience more and more bouts of temperature extremes. 4,20-25. The amount of bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef that was triggered by a given level of heat exposure has changed markedly over the past three decades, contingent on interactions between successive episodes (Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergent properties in the responses of tropical corals to recurrent climate extremes

Hughes¹,

Kerry²,

Connolly³

et al. 2021

Current Biology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergent properties in the responses of tropical corals to recurrent climate extremes

Hughes¹,

Kerry²,

Connolly³

et al. 2021

Current Biology

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“…After 10 years, the Collembola communities of the collapse doline maintained their high ɑ‐diversity and variety of endemic and rare taxa. Karst dolines are important from a conservation point of view and may become increasingly indispensable refuges for biodiversity under future global warming (e.g., Bátori, Vojtkó, Keppel, et al, 2019; Öztürk & Savran, 2020; Selwood & Zimmer, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microclimate and habitat heterogeneity as important drivers of soil Collembola in a karst collapse doline in the temperate zone

Marcin

Raschmanová

Miklisová

et al. 2021

Invertebrate Biology

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Changes in well‐delimited Collembola communities along a steep microclimatic gradient at the entrance of Silická ľadnica Ice Cave, Slovakia, were investigated after 10 years (2007, 2017). We focused on the occurrence of psychrophilic and endemic species occupying this unique karst collapse doline and their response to climatic singularities in the given years as well as the increasing trend in regional air temperature. The soil temperature means at sites across the doline slope corresponded with climatic trends in the periods 2006–2007 and 2016–2017. Significantly lower average soil temperatures but significantly higher mean abundances, species richness, and diversity indices of the collembolan communities were recorded at sites during the second study period, which was characterized by more favorable soil microclimatic conditions (temperature and moisture content) compared to the first period. The dominance structure and community composition of the studied assemblages appeared to be relatively constant after 10 years, indicating stable collembolan communities, especially at cold sites at the bottom of the doline. Redundancy ordination analysis documented a clear delimitation of the communities in relation to the soil temperature, pH, and C:N ratio in both periods. Long‐term (30‐year) regional climatic data showed an increasing trend of annual air temperature means and precipitation. However, an increase in the number and abundance of xerothermophilous species and a decline in psychrophilic species (mostly endemic) along the gradient as a potential response of the increasing regional temperature were not observed, suggesting the high resilience of these communities. Microclimate and habitat heterogeneity are probably major drivers of soil Collembola communities along the steep microclimatic gradient of a karst collapse doline, which was observed by the repeated sampling after 10 years. Karst dolines as potentially important local sources of ɑ‐diversity will likely become increasingly indispensable refugia for local biodiversity under ongoing global warming, thus deserving reliable conservation.

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“…To better conserve biodiversity under climatic warming, a mechanistic understanding of how local microclimatic refugia could influence species community responses across space and time is essential (Shoo et al 2011, Woodson et al 2019, Selwood and Zimmer 2020. Microclimates, moderated by the canopy structure, are found within forest interior and can be decoupled from the forest exterior macroclimates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary forest succession buffers extreme temperature impacts on subtropical Asian ants

Lee

Morgan

Liu

et al. 2021

Ecological Monographs

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Secondary forest succession may restore microclimatic refugia for ectotherms and play a fundamental role in mitigating the combined effects of deforestation and climate warming on biodiversity; however, empirical evidence remains limited by short-term, coarsescale, and solely taxonomic-based approaches. We hypothesize that ant assemblage composition will respond differently to an increased frequency of extreme heat events between sites with and without microclimatic refugia provided by secondary forest's regrowth. We test this hypothesis by integrating comprehensive historic surveys (1992)(1993)(1994) and contemporary resampling (2015-2017) of ant assemblages to investigate how soil surface temperatures (estimated by microclimatic models [30 × 30 m]) and physical parameters (e.g., canopy cover) over the past >20 yr drive changes in their taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity for open (grasslands and shrublands) and closed (secondary forests) habitat types. Our results show a significant spatial turnover in the ant assemblage composition in both habitat types over the past two decades. Furthermore, for taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic spatial beta diversity, temperature became the primary variable explaining the differences in species composition among sites in open habitats, but not in closed habitats. Nevertheless, leaf litter cover may, to a certain extent, provide some thermal buffer for litter-dwelling species exposed to extreme heat. On the contrary, within forests, canopy cover mitigated the adverse impact of extreme heat on ant assemblages, with a shift toward smaller body size observed over time only in sites with lower canopy cover. These findings highlight the importance of restored canopy in providing thermal buffering for understory ectotherms. While tropical forest restoration represents an essential component in enhancing species resilience under climate warming, additionally we considered that the restoration of microclimatic regimes across different land use types is essential to conserve tropical biodiversity across the deforested landscape.

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Refuges for biodiversity conservation: A review of the evidence

Cited by 65 publications

References 77 publications

Emergent properties in the responses of tropical corals to recurrent climate extremes

Emergent properties in the responses of tropical corals to recurrent climate extremes

Microclimate and habitat heterogeneity as important drivers of soil Collembola in a karst collapse doline in the temperate zone

Secondary forest succession buffers extreme temperature impacts on subtropical Asian ants

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