Refractory ulcerative colitis and iatrogenic colorectal Kaposi's sarcoma

Iatrogenic colorectal Kaposi sarcoma complicating a refractory ulcerative colitis in a human immunodeficiency negative-virus patient

“…Case studies have reported colorectal KS associated with inflammatory bowel disease in HIV-negative patients (since until now 11 observations). Most of cases were refractory UC on immunosuppressive therapy [8]. Our patient has received a triple immunosuppression (steroids, azathioprine and infliximab).…”

“…The diagnosis is difficult to establish in the absence of skin lesions, as in our patient. Nodular and polypoid lesions are observed in endoscopy and biopsies may fail to sample diagnostic tissue before tumor infiltration of the mucosa [8]. Intraluminal polyps are red or blue, due to high vascular and conjunctive tissue proliferation.…”

Kaposi’s Sarcoma after Long-Acting Steroids: Time until Remission and Drug Washout

“…KS was reported to develop after standard glucocorticosteroid therapy alone for a wide variety of inflammatory diseases in various doses and treatment periods [5,15,16,17,18,19,20,21]. In most of the reported cases, spontaneous regression occurred after treatment discontinuation.…”

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“…Sarcoma Kaposi has been associated with ulcerative colitis in patients on long-term corticosteroids or azathioprine treatment [14][15][16][17]. Colorectal Kaposi's sarcoma, is exceedingly rare in human immunodeficiency virus-negative subjects and almost always reported in association with severe, refractory, inflammatory bowel disease on immunosuppression therapy [17].…”